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We investigate the impact on the properties of high-energy emitting BL Lac objects of a population of electrons with an anisotropic momentum distribution. We adopt a simple phenomenological description of the anisotropy, in which the most…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-01-08 F. Tavecchio , E. Sobacchi

We investigate the physical properties of BL Lac objects (BL Lacs) jets by modeling the quasi-simultaneous spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 22 {\it Fermi} BL Lac objects in the frame of a simple one-zone synchrotron self-Compton…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-03-05 Dahai Yan , Houdun Zeng , Li Zhang

Here we report our recent study on the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the high frequency BL Lac object Mrk 421 in different luminosity states. We used a full-fledged chi2-minimization procedure instead of more commonly used "eyeball"…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-11-02 Nijil Mankuzhiyil , Stefano Ansoldi , Massimo Persic , Fabrizio Tavechhio

We examine the potential multi-messenger role of BL Lac objects emitting at high energy (so-called HBL) focusing on the limits on the energy density of soft radiation in the jet frame, a critical parameter which regulates the proton cooling…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-07-24 F. Tavecchio , F. Oikonomou , C. Righi

Broadband spectral energy distributions (SEDs) are complied from literature for 24 TeV BL Lac objects. Two SEDs, which are identified as low and high states with their flux densities at $1\ {\rm TeV}$ ($F_{1 TeV}$), are available for each…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-08-20 Jin Zhang , En-Wei Liang , Shuang-Nan Zhang , Jin-Ming Bai

Previous studies have considered synchrotron as the emission mechanism for prompt Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). These works have shown that the electrons must cool on a timescale comparable to the dynamic time at the source in order to satisfy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-02-28 Paz Beniamini , Rodolfo Barniol Duran , Dimitrios Giannios

BL Lac objects are the best candidates to study the jet properties since their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) are less contaminated by the emission from the accretion disk and external Compton processes. We compile the broadband SEDs…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 Jin Zhang , En-Wei Liang , Shuang-Nan Zhang , Jin-Ming Bai

The origin of the high-energy component in spectral energy distributions (SED) of blazars is still a bit of a mystery. While BL Lac objects can be rather successfully modelled within the one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) scenario, the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 Michael Zacharias , Reinhard Schlickeiser

Estimates of magnetic field strength in relativistic jets of active galactic nuclei (AGN), obtained by measuring the frequency-dependent radio core location, imply that the total magnetic fluxes in those jets are consistent with the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 Krzysztof Nalewajko , Marek Sikora , Mitchell C. Begelman

The radio emission mechanism in active galactic nuclei (AGN) with high accretion rates is unclear. It has been suggested that low-power jets may explain the observed radiation at sub-parsec scales. The mechanisms for jet formation at…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-08-31 Pablo Sotomayor , Gustavo E. Romero

Active galactic nucleus (AGN) powered jets can accelerate cosmic ray electrons, leading to the observed radio synchrotron emission. To simulate this emission, jet dynamics in galaxy clusters must be coupled to electron spectral modelling.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-19 Léna Jlassi , Rainer Weinberger , Christoph Pfrommer , Maria Werhahn , Joseph Whittingham , Philipp Girichidis

The physics-determined broadband spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of blazars have been widely used to study the property during their flaring/outburst states, while the non-flaring state takes up most of their lifetime and the general…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-16 Hubing Xiao , Haitao Cao , Rui Xue , Zhihao Ouyang , Shaohua Zhang , Junping Chen , Zhijian Luo , Jianghe Yang , Junhui Fan

We calculate the spectral energy distribution (SED) of electromagnetic radiation and the spectrum of high energy neutrinos from BL Lac objects in the context of the Synchrotron Proton Blazar Model. In this model, the high energy hump of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 A. Muecke , R. J. Protheroe , R. Engel , J. P. Rachen , T. Stanev

The broadband SEDs of blazars show two distinct components which in leptonic models are associated with synchrotron and SSC emission of highly relativistic electrons. In some sources the SSC component dominates the synchrotron peak by one…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-06-17 M. Zacharias , R. Schlickeiser

There are strong evidence for powerful jets in the low/hard state of black-hole X-ray binaries (BHXRBs). Here, we present a model in which electrons are accelerated once at the base of the jet, and are cooled by synchrotron emission and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-07-24 Asaf Pe'er , Piergiorgio Casella

Relativistic jets launched by rotating black holes are powerful emitters of non-thermal radiation. Extraction of the rotational energy via electromagnetic stresses produces magnetically-dominated jets, which may become turbulent. Studies of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-14 Emanuele Sobacchi , Lorenzo Sironi , Andrei M. Beloborodov

We report the variation of the spectral energy distribution (SED) of blazars as a function of source activity, based on available, simultaneous multi-wavelength (MWL) observations of BL Lac objects. We use a fully automatized \c{hi}2…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Nijil Mankuzhiyil , Stefano Ansoldi , Massimo Persic , Fabrizio Tavecchio

Building on a general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a short gamma-ray burst (sGRB) jet with initial magnetization $\sigma_0=150$, propagating through the dynamical ejecta from a binary neutron star merger, we identify…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-08 Annika Rudolph , Irene Tamborra , Ore Gottlieb

We present a theory of out-of-equilibrium ultrafast spin dynamics in magnetic heterostructures based on the s-d model of ferromagnetism. Both in the bulk and across interfaces, the exchange processes between the itinerant s and the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-12-02 Erlend G. Tveten , Arne Brataas , Yaroslav Tserkovnyak

The synchrotron-self Compton (SSC) radiation process is widely held to provide a close representation of the double peaked spectral energy distributions from BL Lac Objects (BL Lacs), which are marked by non-thermal beamed radiations,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 A. Paggi , F. Massaro , V. Vittorini , A. Cavaliere , F. D'Ammando , F. Vagnetti , M. Tavani
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