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Silicon modulators are key components in silicon photonics to support the dense integration of electro-optic (EO) functional elements on a compact chip for various applications including high-speed data transmission, signal processing, and…
Electro-optic modulators for high-speed on-off keying (OOK) are key components of short- and mediumreach interconnects in data-center networks. Besides small footprint and cost-efficient large-scale production, small drive voltages and…
Free-space electro-optic (EO) modulators operating at gigahertz and beyond are attractive for a wide range of emerging applications, including high-speed imaging, free-space optical communication, microwave photonics, and diffractive…
A fundamental challenge of the quantum revolution is to efficiently interface the quantum computing systems operating at cryogenic temperatures with room temperature electronics and media for high data-rate communication. Current approaches…
Nonlinear imaging systems can surpass the limits of linear optics, but to date they have all relied on physical media (e.g. crystals) to work. These materials are all constrained by their physical properties, such as frequency selectivity,…
Silicon-based integrated photonics has demonstrated significant advances in miniaturization and performance, yet critical challenges remain in achieving efficient on-chip communication at high bandwidths. Plasmonic devices on silicon and…
Programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are the foundation of on-chip optical technologies with the optical modulators being one of the main building blocks of such programmable PICs. However, most of the available modulators…
Modern communication networks require high performance and scalable electro-optic modulators that convert electrical signals to optical signals at high speed. Existing lithium niobate modulators have excellent performance but are bulky and…
Flexible microelectronics has shown tremendous promise in a broad spectrum of applications, especially those that cannot be addressed by conventional microelectronics in rigid materials and constructions1-3. These unconventional yet…
Thin-film lithium niobate is a promising platform owing to its large electro-optic coefficients and low propagation loss. However, the large footprints of devices limit their application in large-scale integrated optical systems. A crucial…
Driven by machine-learning tasks neural networks have demonstrated useful capabilities as nonlinear hypothesis classifiers. The underlying technologies performing the dot product multiplication, the summation, and the nonlinear thresholding…
Microdisk or microring modulators (MDMs or MRMs) realize compact electro-optic modulation in active silicon photonics (SiP) foundry platforms. A key advantage of these resonant modulators is that they readily implement dense wavelength…
Silicon is a nonlinear material and optics based on silicon makes use of these nonlinearities to realize various functionalities required for on-chip communications. This article describes foundations of these nonlinearities in silicon at…
Recent advances in photonic integration have propelled microwave photonic technologies to new heights. The ability to interface hybrid material platforms to enhance light-matter interactions has led to the developments of ultra-small and…
Electro-optic (E/O) modulators are crucial for optical communication but face a trade-off between modulation bandwidth and efficiency. A small footprint could reduce the capacitance and increase the bandwidth, however, this usually results…
Nonreciprocal components, such as isolators and circulators, are crucial components for photonic systems. In this article we review theoretical and experimental progress towards developing nonreciprocal photonic devices based on dynamic…
Nonlinear metasurfaces are multifunctional photonic elements that generate and control light, enabling multiple proof-of-principle applications, such as in nonlinear holography, beam shaping, and nanoscale sources of entangled photon pairs.…
Electrooptic modulation performs the conversion between the electrical and optical domain with applications in data communication for optical interconnects, but also for novel optical compute algorithms such as providing nonlinearity at the…
Opto-mechanical systems have enabled wide-band optical frequency conversion and multi-channel all-optical radio frequency amplification. Realization of an on-chip silicon communication platform is limited by photodetectors needed to convert…
Vanadium dioxide (${\rm VO}_2$) is a phase change material (PCM) that exhibits a large change in complex refractive index on the order of unity upon switching from its dielectric to its metallic phase. Although this property is key for the…