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The standard argument for the Lorentz invariance of the thermodynamic entropy in equilibrium is based on the assumption that it is possible to perform an adiabatic transformation whose only outcome is to accelerate a macroscopic body,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-15 Lorenzo Gavassino

Spin-echo experiments are often said to constitute an instant of anti-thermodynamic behavior in a concrete physical system that violates the second law of thermodynamics. We argue that a proper thermodynamic treatment of the effect should…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Charis Anastopoulos , Ntina Savvidou

We extend the recently developed non-gaussian thermodynamic formalism \cite{tre98} of a (presumably strongly turbulent) non-Markovian medium to its most general form that allows for the formulation of a consistent thermodynamic theory. All…

Space Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 R. A. Treumann

Quantum thermodynamics with open systems is often based on the quantum optical weak-coupling master equation or on operational repeated interaction models, whereas early works on thermalisation and on decoherence theory were mostly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-27 Michael Gaida , Giulio Gasbarri , Stefan Nimmrichter

The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox is resolved by reconsidering what entangled state is actually prepared, what physical quantities are conserved and the character of the correlation measurements employed.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-21 T. Goldman

We argue that on its face, entanglement theory satisfies laws equivalent to thermodynamics if the theory can be made reversible by adding certain bound entangled states as a free resource during entanglement manipulation. Subject to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Michal Horodecki , Jonathan Oppenheim , Ryszard Horodecki

We investigate a puzzle in the recent thermodynamics of scalar-tensor gravity, in which general relativity is a zero-temperature state of equilibrium and scalar-tensor gravity is the non-equilibrium configuration of an effective dissipative…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-18 Valerio Faraoni , Théo B. Françonnet

We present in this work a generalization of the solution of Gorenstein and Yang for a consistent thermodynamics for systems with a temperature dependent Hamiltonian. We show that there is a large class of solutions, work out three…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2010-03-26 F. G. Gardim , F. M. Steffens

In this paper, we develop a variational foundation for stochastic thermodynamics of finite-dimensional, continuous-time systems. Requiring the second law (non-negative average total entropy production) systematically yields a consistent…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-07 Héctor Vaquero del Pino , François Gay-Balmaz , Hiroaki Yoshimura , Lock Yue Chew

We provide a rigorous justification of various kinetic regimes exhibited by the nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation with an additive stochastic forcing and a viscous dissipation. The importance of such damped-driven models stems from their…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-02-19 Ricardo Grande , Zaher Hani

An internal energy function of the mass density, the volumetric entropy and their gradients at n-order generates the representation of multi-gradient fluids. Thanks to Hamilton's principle, we obtain a thermodynamical form of the equation…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-03-19 Henri Gouin

In this second article of a series we propose to base criteria of stability on the hamiltonian functional that is provided by the variational principle, to replace the reliance that has often been placed on {\it ad hoc} definitions of the…

General Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Christian Frønsdal

We develop new variational principles to study stability and equilibrium of axisymmetric flows. We show that there is an infinite number of steady state solutions. We show that these steady states maximize a (non-universal) $H$-function. We…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-08-16 Nicolas Leprovost , Bérengère Dubrulle , Pierre-Henri Chavanis

Deriving the laws of thermodynamics from a microscopic picture is a central quest of statistical mechanics. This tutorial focuses on the derivation of the first and second law for closed and open quantum systems far from equilibrium, where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-31 Philipp Strasberg , Andreas Winter

The main objective of this paper is to address the instability and dynamical bifurcation of the Dean problem. A nonlinear theory is obtained for the Dean problem, leading in particular to rigorous justifications of the linear theory used by…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-04-04 Huichao Wang , Quan Wang , Ruikuan Liu

A novel formulation of second-order relativistic viscous fluid dynamics based on the effective Boltzmann equation for quasi-particles with medium-dependent masses is briefly reviewed.~The evolution equations for the shear and bulk…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-08-07 Radoslaw Ryblewski

Using the contemporary thermodynamic equations of elastic solids leads to contradictions with the fundamental statements of thermodynamics. Two examples are presented to expose the inconsistencies. In example one the internal energy between…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jozsef Garai , Alexandre Laugier

Selfdual variational principles are introduced in order to construct solutions for Hamiltonian and other dynamical systems which satisfy a variety of linear and nonlinear boundary conditions including many of the standard ones. These…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Nassif Ghoussoub , Abbas Moameni

The second law of classical thermodynamics, based on the positivity of the entropy production, only holds for deterministic processes. Therefore the Second Law in stochastic quantum thermodynamics may not hold. By making a fundamental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-14 B. Ahmadi , S. Salimi , A. S. Khorashad

We introduce a framework that unifies quantum measurement dynamics, Hamiltonian dynamics, and double-bracket gradient flows. We do so by providing explicit expressions for stochastic Hamiltonians that produce state dynamics identical to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Aarón Villanueva , Luis Pedro García-Pintos