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Multiple data sources are becoming increasingly available for statistical analyses in the era of big data. As an important example in finite-population inference, we consider an imputation approach to combining a probability sample with big…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-10 Shu Yang , Jae Kwang Kim

We establish a general framework for statistical inferences with non-probability survey samples when relevant auxiliary information is available from a probability survey sample. We develop a rigorous procedure for estimating the propensity…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-05-17 Yilin Chen , Pengfei Li , Changbao Wu

In this paper we study predictive mean matching mass imputation estimators to integrate data from probability and non-probability samples. We consider two approaches: matching predicted to predicted ($\hat{y}-\hat{y}$~matching; PMM A) and…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-18 Piotr Chlebicki , Łukasz Chrostowski , Maciej Beręsewicz

In the age of big data, nonprobability surveys are becoming increasingly abundant. Data integration techniques involving both probability and nonprobability surveys are being extensively used for providing improved estimates for finite…

Applications · Statistics 2025-10-17 Aditi Sen , Partha Lahiri

Matching a nonprobability sample to a probability sample is one strategy both for selecting the nonprobability units and for weighting them. This approach has been employed in the past to select subsamples of persons from a large panel of…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-03 Zhan Liu , Richard Valliant

Surveys usually suffer from non-response, which decreases the effective sample size. Item non-response is typically handled by means of some form of random imputation if we wish to preserve the distribution of the imputed variable. This…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-08-04 Guillaume Chauvet , Wilfried Do Paco

In this paper, the authors first provide an overview of two major developments on complex survey data analysis: the empirical likelihood methods and statistical inference with non-probability survey samples, and highlight the important…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-14 Yilin Chen , Pengfei Li , J. N. K. Rao , Changbao Wu

With the ubiquitous availability of unstructured data, growing attention is paid as how to adjust for selection bias in such non-probability samples. The majority of the robust estimators proposed by prior literature are either fully or…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-08 Ali Rafei , Michael R. Elliott , Carol A. C. Flannagan

Predictive mean matching imputation is popular for handling item nonresponse in survey sampling. In this article, we study the asymptotic properties of the predictive mean matching estimator of the population mean. For variance estimation,…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-01-16 Shu Yang , Jae Kwang Kim

Nonprobability (convenience) samples are increasingly sought to stabilize estimations for one or more population variables of interest that are performed using a randomized survey (reference) sample by increasing the effective sample size.…

Nonprobability (convenience) samples are increasingly sought to reduce the estimation variance for one or more population variables of interest that are estimated using a randomized survey (reference) sample by increasing the effective…

Doubly robust estimators combine an inverse probability weighting estimator and a mass imputation estimator. Several doubly robust estimators for estimating the population mean (or prevalence) of an outcome have been proposed for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-11 Shaun R Seaman , Tommy Nyberg , Anne M Presanis

We consider the problem of integrating a small probability sample (ps) and a non-probability sample (nps). By definition, for the nps, there are no survey weights, but for the ps, there are survey weights. The key issue is that the nps,…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-17 Balgobin Nandram , JNK Rao

We present an approach to inform decisions about nonresponse follow-up sampling. The basic idea is (i) to create completed samples by imputing nonrespondents' data under various assumptions about the nonresponse mechanisms, (ii) take…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-16 Thais Paiva , Jerry Reiter

Statistical inference with non-probability survey samples is an emerging topic in survey sampling and official statistics and has gained increased attention from researchers and practitioners in the field. Much of the existing literature,…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-07 Yang Liu , Meng Yuan , Pengfei Li , Changbao Wu

The recent proliferation of computers and the internet have opened new opportunities for collecting and processing data. However, such data are often obtained without a well-planned probability survey design. Such non-probability based…

Applications · Statistics 2024-06-28 Vladislav Beresovsky , Julie Gershunskaya , Terrance D. Savitsky

Finite population inference is a central goal in survey sampling. Probability sampling is the main statistical approach to finite population inference. Challenges arise due to high cost and increasing non-response rates. Data integration…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-13 Shu Yang , Jae Kwang Kim

Non-probability sampling, for example in the form of online panels, has become a fast and cheap method to collect data. While reliable inference tools are available for classical probability samples, non-probability samples can yield…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-05 Gerhard Tutz

Nearest neighbor imputation is popular for handling item nonresponse in survey sampling. In this article, we study the asymptotic properties of the nearest neighbor imputation estimator for general population parameters, including…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-05 Shu Yang , Jae Kwang Kim

Non-probability samples become increasingly popular in survey statistics but may suffer from selection biases that limit the generalizability of results to the target population. We consider integrating a non-probability sample with a…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-08-26 Shu Yang , Jae Kwang Kim , Rui Song
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