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The Learning Rate (LR) has a high impact on deep learning training performance. A common practice is to train a Deep Neural Network (DNN) multiple times with different LR policies to find the optimal LR policy, which has been widely…

The increasing use of machine-learning (ML) enabled systems in critical tasks fuels the quest for novel verification and validation techniques yet grounded in accepted system assurance principles. In traditional system development,…

Because of the fast advance rate and the improved personnel safety, tunnel boring machines (TBMs) have been widely used in a variety of tunnel construction projects. The dynamic modeling of TBM load parameters (including torque, advance…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) hold considerable promise for applications in healthcare. However, their deployment in safety-critical settings is hindered by two key limitations: (i) sensitivity to prompt design, and (ii) a…

Machine Learning (ML) is of increasing interest for modeling parametric effects in manufacturing processes. But this approach is limited to established processes for which a deep physics-based understanding has been developed over time,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently improved mathematical reasoning through Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Reward (RLVR). However, existing RLVR algorithms require large query budgets, making annotation costly. We investigate…

Large-scale machine learning (ML) models are increasingly being used in critical domains like education, lending, recruitment, healthcare, criminal justice, etc. However, the training, deployment, and utilization of these models demand…

Evaluating LLMs and text-to-image models is a computationally intensive task often overlooked. Efficient evaluation is crucial for understanding the diverse capabilities of these models and enabling comparisons across a growing number of…

LLM alignment ensures that large language models behave safely and effectively by aligning their outputs with human values, goals, and intentions. Aligning LLMs employ huge amounts of data, computation, and time. Moreover, curating data…

Modern large language model training is no longer limited by data availability, but by the inability of existing preprocessing pipelines to simultaneously achieve massive scale and high data quality. Current approaches are forced to…

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) aims to leverage the principles of quantum mechanics to speed up the process of solving machine learning problems or improve the quality of solutions. Among these principles, entanglement with an auxiliary…

The ability to rigorously estimate the failure rates of large language models (LLMs) is a prerequisite for their safe deployment. Currently, however, practitioners often face a tradeoff between expensive human gold standards and potentially…

The automated generation of design RTL based on large language model (LLM) and natural language instructions has demonstrated great potential in agile circuit design. However, the lack of datasets and benchmarks in the public domain…

Despite the great advance of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in both instruction dataset building and benchmarking, the independence of training and evaluation makes current MLLMs hard to further improve their capability under the…

Unlike the ordinary least-squares (OLS) estimator for the linear model, a ridge regression linear model provides coefficient estimates via shrinkage, usually with improved mean-square and prediction error. This is true especially when the…

Advances in machine learning (ML) techniques have enabled the development of interatomic potentials that promise both the accuracy of first principles methods and the low-cost, linear scaling, and parallel efficiency of empirical…

Automated machine learning techniques benefited from tremendous research progress in recently. These developments and the continuous-growing demand for machine learning experts led to the development of numerous AutoML tools. However, these…

Threat modeling is a crucial component of cybersecurity, particularly for industries such as banking, where the security of financial data is paramount. Traditional threat modeling approaches require expert intervention and manual effort,…

Estimating the selectivity of a query is a key step in almost any cost-based query optimizer. Most of today's databases rely on histograms or samples that are periodically refreshed by re-scanning the data as the underlying data changes.…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown immense promise in universal multimodal retrieval, which aims to find relevant items of various modalities for a given query. But their practical application is often hindered by the…