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Entanglement distillation, an essential quantum information processing task, refers to the conversion from multiple copies of noisy entangled states to a smaller number of highly entangled states. In this work, we study the non-asymptotic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-03 Kun Fang , Xin Wang , Marco Tomamichel , Runyao Duan

The distillable randomness of a bipartite quantum state is an information-theoretic quantity equal to the largest net rate at which shared randomness can be distilled from the state by means of local operations and classical communication.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-06 Ludovico Lami , Bartosz Regula , Xin Wang , Mark M. Wilde

Manipulation and quantification of quantum resources are fundamental problems in quantum physics. In the asymptotic limit, coherence distillation and dilution have been proposed by manipulating infinite identical copies of states. In the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-02 Qi Zhao , Yunchao Liu , Xiao Yuan , Eric Chitambar , Xiongfeng Ma

Quantum technologies rely on high-quality resource states, such as maximally entangled or private states, which are indispensable for quantum communication and cryptography. In practice, however, these states are inevitably degraded by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Christopher Popp , Tobias C. Sutter , Beatrix C. Hiesmayr

Notions of nonstabilizerness, or "magic", quantify how non-classical quantum states are in a precise sense: states exhibiting low nonstabilizerness preclude quantum advantage. We introduce 'pseudomagic' ensembles of quantum states that,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-31 Andi Gu , Lorenzo Leone , Soumik Ghosh , Jens Eisert , Susanne Yelin , Yihui Quek

Quantum error correction and fault-tolerance have provided the possibility for large scale quantum computations without a detrimental loss of quantum information. A very natural class of gates for fault-tolerant quantum computation is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-12 Tomas Jochym-O'Connor , Yafei Yu , Bassam Helou , Raymond Laflamme

We present an optimal probabilistic protocol to distill quantum coherence. Inspired by a specific entanglement distillation protocol, our main result yields a strictly incoherent operation that produces one of a family of maximally coherent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-23 Gokhan Torun , Ludovico Lami , Gerardo Adesso , Ali Yildiz

We propose families of protocols for magic state distillation -- important components of fault tolerance schemes --- for systems of odd prime dimension. Our protocols utilize quantum Reed-Muller codes with transversal non-Clifford gates. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-01 Earl T. Campbell , Hussain Anwar , Dan E. Browne

We investigate the dynamics of nonstabilizerness - also known as `magic' - in monitored quantum circuits composed of random Clifford unitaries and local projective measurements. For measurements in the computational basis, we derive an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Annarita Scocco , Wai-Keong Mok , Leandro Aolita , Mario Collura , Tobias Haug

We give a new algorithm for computing the robustness of magic - a measure of the utility of quantum states as a computational resource. Our work is motivated by the magic state model of fault-tolerant quantum computation. In this model, all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-09 Markus Heinrich , David Gross

We introduce a mixed-state magic criterion, the Triangle Criterion, which plays a role for magic analogous to the Positive Partial Transposition (PPT) Criterion for entanglement: it combines strong detection capability, a clear geometric…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Zhenhuan Liu , Tobias Haug , Qi Ye , Zi-Wen Liu , Ingo Roth

Magic states, by allowing non-Clifford gates through gate teleportation, are important building blocks of fault-tolerant quantum computation. Magic state distillation protocols aim to create clean copies of magic states from many noisier…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Heather Leitch , Yingkai Ouyang

Magic can be distributed non-locally in many-body entangled states, such as the low energy states of condensed matter systems. Using the Bravyi-Kitaev magic state distillation protocol, we find that non-local magic is distillable and can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-16 Ning Bao , ChunJun Cao , Vincent Paul Su

As a necessary resource for quantum computational advantage, quantum magic (nonstabilizerness) is of fundamental importance in the study of quantum computation and physics. We develop a systematic theory of \emph{long-range magic (LRM)} --…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Fuchuan Wei , Zi-Wen Liu

The precise quantification of the ultimate efficiency in manipulating quantum resources lies at the core of quantum information theory. However, purely information-theoretic measures fail to capture the actual computational complexity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-19 Lorenzo Leone , Jacopo Rizzo , Jens Eisert , Sofiene Jerbi

Magic describes the distance of a quantum state to its closest stabilizer state. It is -- like entanglement -- a necessary resource for a potential quantum advantage over classical computing. We study magic, quantified by stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-26 Gerald E. Fux , Emanuele Tirrito , Marcello Dalmonte , Rosario Fazio

Magic refers to the degree of "quantumness" in a system that cannot be fully described by stabilizer states and Clifford operations alone. In quantum computing, stabilizer states and Clifford operations can be efficiently simulated on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-29 Yuzhen Zhang , Yingfei Gu

Quantum entanglement and quantum nonstabilizerness are fundamental resources that characterize distinct aspects of a quantum state: entanglement reflects non-local correlations, while nonstabilizerness quantifies the deviation from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-29 Dongheng Qian , Jing Wang

Magic state distillation is a resource intensive subroutine that consumes noisy input states to produce high-fidelity resource states that are used to perform logical operations in practical quantum-computing architectures. The resource…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-17 Shraddha Singh , Andrew S. Darmawan , Benjamin J. Brown , Shruti Puri

The overhead exponent -- characterizing the scaling of the number of noisy magic states with respect to the target distillation error -- has been a central quantity to benchmark magic state distillation protocols. On the other hand, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Koki Ehara , Ryuji Takagi