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We investigate the cosmological first-order chiral phase transition of QCD, and for the first time calculate its parameters which can fully determine the gravitational wave spectrum. With the state-of-the-art calculation from the functional…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-02-12 Hui-wen Zheng , Fei Gao , Ligong Bian , Si-xue Qin , Yu-xin Liu

We investigate the gravitational wave background from a first order phase transition in a matter-dominated universe, and show that it has a unique feature from which important information about the properties of the phase transition and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-29 Gabriela Barenboim , Wan-Il Park

We report on the first 3-dimensional numerical simulations of first-order phase transitions in the early universe to include the cosmic fluid as well as the scalar field order parameter. We calculate the gravitational wave (GW) spectrum…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-01-30 Mark Hindmarsh , Stephan J. Huber , Kari Rummukainen , David J. Weir

Gravitational waves signatures from dynamical scalar field configurations provide a compelling observational window on the early universe. Here we identify intriguing connections between dark matter and scalars fields that emit…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-07-13 Amit Bhoonah , Joseph Bramante , Simran Nerval , Ningqiang Song

We study the gravitational wave (GW) signature of first-order chiral phase transitions ($\chi$PT) in strongly interacting hidden or dark sectors. We do so using several effective models in order to reliably capture the relevant…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-09-20 Alexander J. Helmboldt , Jisuke Kubo , Susan van der Woude

Using a large N sigma model approximation we explicitly calculate the power spectrum of gravitational waves arising from a global phase transition in the early universe and we confirm that it is scale invariant, implying an observation of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Katherine Jones-Smith , Lawrence M. Krauss , Harsh Mathur

The recent claim by the NANOGrav collaboration of a possible detection of an isotropic gravitational wave background stimulated a series of investigations searching for the origin of such a signal. The QCD phase transition appears as a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-08-25 Pauline Lerambert-Potin , Jose Antonio de Freitas Pacheco

The gravitational wave (GW) spectrum from the first-order phase transition can be characterized by a few phenomenological parameters but with high degeneracies in model/data distinguishments. In this paper, we look into the high-frequency…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-28 Jun-Chen Wang , Shao-Jiang Wang , Zi-Yan Yuwen

In anticipation of upcoming gravitational wave experiments, we provide a comprehensive overview of the spectra predicted by phase transitions triggered by states from a large variety of dark sector models. Such spectra are functions of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-09-06 Djuna Croon , Veronica Sanz , Graham White

We review the production of gravitational waves by an electroweak first order phase transition. The resulting signal is a good candidate for detection at next-generation gravitational wave detectors, such as LISA. Detection of such a source…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-07-28 David J. Weir

We propose a new scenario for the early universe where there is a smooth transition between an early de Sitter-like phase and a radiation dominated era. In this model, the matter content is modelled by a new type of generalised Chaplygin…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-03-16 Mariam Bouhmadi-Lopez , Pedro Frazao , Alfredo B. Henriques

We reexamine the production of gravitational waves by bubble collisions during a first-order phase transition. The spectrum of the gravitational radiation is determined by numerical simulations using the "envelope approximation". We find…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-03-20 Stephan J. Huber , Thomas Konstandin

If the cosmological QCD phase transition is strongly first order and lasts sufficiently long, it generates a background of gravitational waves which may be detected via pulsar timing experiments. We estimate the amplitude and the spectral…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-21 Chiara Caprini , Ruth Durrer , Xavier Siemens

Gravitational waves offer an unprecedented opportunity to look into the violent high-energy processes happening during the reheating phase of our Universe. We consider a Hubble-induced phase transition scenario as a source of a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-21 Dario Bettoni , Giorgio Laverda , Asier Lopez-Eiguren , Javier Rubio

We use numerical relativity simulations of binary neutron star mergers to show that high density deconfinement phase transitions (PTs) to quark matter can be probed using multimodal postmerger gravitational wave (GW) spectroscopy.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-13 Pedro Luis Espino , Aviral Prakash , David Radice , Domenico Logoteta

The underlying physics of QCD phase transition in the early Universe remains largely unknown due to its strong-coupling nature during the quark-gluon plasma/hadron gas transition, yet a holographic model has been proposed to quantitatively…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-10-30 Song He , Li Li , Sai Wang , Shao-Jiang Wang

We investigate the properties of the gravitational waves (GWs) generated during a strongly first order electroweak phase transition (EWPT) in models with the classical scale invariance (CSI). Here, we distinguish two parameter space regions…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-01-12 Amine Ahriche , Shinya Kanemura , Masanori Tanaka

In the present thesis, the author reviews the physics of cosmological first-order phase transitions that may have occured shortly after the Big Bang. Such transitions proceed via the nucleation and expansion of true vacuum bubbles and give…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-16 Moritz Breitbach

Gravitational waves were copiously produced in the early Universe whenever the processes taking place were sufficiently violent. The spectra of several of these gravitational wave backgrounds on subhorizon scales have been extensively…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-03-30 Elisa Fenu , Daniel G. Figueroa , Ruth Durrer , Juan Garcia-Bellido

In a vacuum first-order phase transition, gravitational waves are generated from collision of bubbles of the true vacuum. The spectrum from such collisions takes the form of a broken power law. We consider a toy model for such a phase…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-03 Daniel Cutting , Elba Granados Escartin , Mark Hindmarsh , David J. Weir