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Does a Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) consistently encode typical samples generated from its decoder? This paper shows that the perhaps surprising answer to this question is `No'; a (nominally trained) VAE does not necessarily amortize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 A. Taylan Cemgil , Sumedh Ghaisas , Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Sven Gowal , Pushmeet Kohli

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are powerful deep generative models widely used to represent high-dimensional complex data through a low-dimensional latent space learned in an unsupervised manner. In the original VAE model, the input data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Laurent Girin , Simon Leglaive , Xiaoyu Bie , Julien Diard , Thomas Hueber , Xavier Alameda-Pineda

Building on the success of deep learning, two modern approaches to learn a probability model from the data are Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and Variational AutoEncoders (VAEs). VAEs consider an explicit probability model for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Yogesh Balaji , Hamed Hassani , Rama Chellappa , Soheil Feizi

Variational Autoencoders (VAE) are popular generative models used to sample from complex data distributions. Despite their empirical success in various machine learning tasks, significant gaps remain in understanding their theoretical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-23 Sobihan Surendran , Antoine Godichon-Baggioni , Sylvain Le Corff

A variational autoencoder (VAE) is a probabilistic machine learning framework for posterior inference that projects an input set of high-dimensional data to a lower-dimensional, latent space. The latent space learned with a VAE offers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Rafael Pastrana

The ability to extract generative parameters from high-dimensional fields of data in an unsupervised manner is a highly desirable yet unrealized goal in computational physics. This work explores the use of variational autoencoders (VAEs)…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-11-16 Christian Jacobsen , Karthik Duraisamy

In generative modeling, numerous successful approaches leverage a low-dimensional latent space, e.g., Stable Diffusion models the latent space induced by an encoder and generates images through a paired decoder. Although the selection of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Tianyang Hu , Fei Chen , Haonan Wang , Jiawei Li , Wenjia Wang , Jiacheng Sun , Zhenguo Li

Recent work in synthetic data generation in the time-series domain has focused on the use of Generative Adversarial Networks. We propose a novel architecture for synthetically generating time-series data with the use of Variational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Abhyuday Desai , Cynthia Freeman , Zuhui Wang , Ian Beaver

Recent state-of-the-art autoencoder based generative models have an encoder-decoder structure and learn a latent representation with a pre-defined distribution that can be sampled from. Implementing the encoder networks of these models in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-11 D. T. Braithwaite , M. O'Connor , W. B. Kleijn

Devising deep latent variable models for multi-modal data has been a long-standing theme in machine learning research. Multi-modal Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) have been a popular generative model class that learns latent representations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-25 Marcel Hirt , Domenico Campolo , Victoria Leong , Juan-Pablo Ortega

Deep generative models are stochastic neural networks capable of learning the distribution of data so as to generate new samples. Conditional Variational Autoencoder (CVAE) is a powerful deep generative model aiming at maximizing the lower…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Shima Kamyab , Rasool Sabzi , Zohreh Azimifar

Clustering is among the most fundamental tasks in computer vision and machine learning. In this paper, we propose Variational Deep Embedding (VaDE), a novel unsupervised generative clustering approach within the framework of Variational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-29 Zhuxi Jiang , Yin Zheng , Huachun Tan , Bangsheng Tang , Hanning Zhou

We introduce Exemplar VAEs, a family of generative models that bridge the gap between parametric and non-parametric, exemplar based generative models. Exemplar VAE is a variant of VAE with a non-parametric prior in the latent space based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Sajad Norouzi , David J. Fleet , Mohammad Norouzi

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) have become a popular approach for dimensionality reduction. However, despite their ability to identify latent low-dimensional structures embedded within high-dimensional data, these latent representations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-27 Kaspar Märtens , Christopher Yau

The variational autoencoder (VAE) framework remains a popular option for training unsupervised generative models, especially for discrete data where generative adversarial networks (GANs) require workaround to create gradient for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-24 Jason Chou , Gautam Hathi

Unsupervised representation learning via generative modeling is a staple to many computer vision applications in the absence of labeled data. Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are powerful generative models that learn representations useful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Riddhish Bhalodia , Iain Lee , Shireen Elhabian

We present a hierarchical VAE that, for the first time, generates samples quickly while outperforming the PixelCNN in log-likelihood on all natural image benchmarks. We begin by observing that, in theory, VAEs can actually represent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Rewon Child

Probabilistic models with hierarchical-latent-variable structures provide state-of-the-art results amongst non-autoregressive, unsupervised density-based models. However, the most common approach to training such models based on Variational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-09 Benoit Gaujac , Ilya Feige , David Barber

Real world datasets often contain entries with missing elements e.g. in a medical dataset, a patient is unlikely to have taken all possible diagnostic tests. Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are popular generative models often used for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Mark Collier , Alfredo Nazabal , Christopher K. I. Williams

While generative models have shown great success in generating high-dimensional samples conditional on low-dimensional descriptors (learning e.g. stroke thickness in MNIST, hair color in CelebA, or speaker identity in Wavenet), their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Mohammad Lotfollahi , Mohsen Naghipourfar , Fabian J. Theis , F. Alexander Wolf