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We introduce a problem class we call Polynomial Constraint Satisfaction Problems, or PCSP. Where the usual CSPs from computer science and optimization have real-valued score functions, and partition functions from physics have monomials,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2010-01-14 Alexander D. Scott , Gregory B. Sorkin

Constraint programming (CP) is a powerful technique for solving constraint satisfaction and optimization problems. In CP solvers, the variable ordering strategy used to select which variable to explore first in the solving process has a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Yuan Sun , Su Nguyen , Dhananjay Thiruvady , Xiaodong Li , Andreas T. Ernst , Uwe Aickelin

The quantified constraint satisfaction problem (QCSP) is a powerful framework for modelling computational problems. The general intractability of the QCSP has motivated the pursuit of restricted cases that avoid its maximal complexity. In…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Hubie Chen

The fixed-template constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) can be seen as the problem of deciding whether a given primitive positive first-order sentence is true in a fixed structure (also called model). We study a class of problems that…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Kristina Asimi , Libor Barto , Silvia Butti

Answer Set Programming (ASP) is a well-established declarative paradigm. One of the successes of ASP is the availability of efficient systems. State-of-the-art systems are based on the ground+solve approach. In some applications this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-01 Bernardo Cuteri , Carmine Dodaro , Francesco Ricca , Peter Schüller

Preferences play an important role in our everyday lives. CP-networks, or CP-nets in short, are graphical models for representing conditional qualitative preferences under ceteris paribus ("all else being equal") assumptions. Despite their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-06-26 Fusun Yaman , Marie desJardins

The Constraint-satisfaction problem (CSP) is fundamental in mathematics, physics, and theoretical computer science. Continuous local search (CLS) solvers, as recent advancements, can achieve highly competitive results on certain classes of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yunuo Cen , Zixuan Wang , Jintao Zhang , Zhiwei Zhang , Xuanyao Fong

The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) of a first-order theory T is the computational problem of deciding whether a given conjunction of atomic formulas is satisfiable in some model of T. We study the computational complexity of CSP$(T_1…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Manuel Bodirsky , Johannes Greiner , Jakub Rydval

The exponential-time hypothesis (ETH) states that 3-SAT is not solvable in subexponential time, i.e. not solvable in O(c^n) time for arbitrary c > 1, where n denotes the number of variables. Problems like k-SAT can be viewed as special…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-06-20 Peter Jonsson , Victor Lagerkvist , Biman Roy

Feature model configuration can be supported on the basis of various types of reasoning approaches. Examples thereof are SAT solving, constraint solving, and answer set programming (ASP). Using these approaches requires technical expertise…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Alexander Felfernig , Viet-Man Le , Sebastian Lubos

Random instances of Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSP's) appear to be hard for all known algorithms, when the number of constraints per variable lies in a certain interval. Contributing to the general understanding of the structure of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-04-20 Andrea Montanari , Ricardo Restrepo , Prasad Tetali

We study approximation algorithms for satisfiable and nearly satisfiable instances of ordering constraint satisfaction problems (ordering CSPs). Ordering CSPs arise naturally in ranking and scheduling, yet their approximability remains…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Yury Makarychev

An instance of the Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) is given by a family of constraints on overlapping sets of variables, and the goal is to assign values from a fixed domain to the variables so that all constraints are satisfied. In…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-12-06 Víctor Dalmau , Marcin Kozik , Andrei Krokhin , Konstantin Makarychev , Yury Makarychev , Jakub Opršal

Maximum surjective constraint satisfaction problems (Max-Sur-CSPs) are computational problems where we are given a set of variables denoting values from a finite domain B and a set of constraints on the variables. A solution to such a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-10-14 Walter Bach , Hang Zhou

For a large number of random constraint satisfaction problems, such as random k-SAT and random graph and hypergraph coloring, there are very good estimates of the largest constraint density for which solutions exist. Yet, all known…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Dimitris Achlioptas , Federico Ricci-Tersenghi

Constraint Satisfaction Problem on finite sets is known to be NP-complete in general but certain restrictions on the constraint language can ensure tractability. It was proved that if a constraint language has a weak near unanimity…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-03-07 Dmitriy Zhuk

Valued constraint satisfaction problems (VCSPs) are a large class of combinatorial optimisation problems. The computational complexity of VCSPs depends on the set of allowed cost functions in the input. Recently, the computational…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Manuel Bodirsky , Marcello Mamino , Caterina Viola

One of the key research interests in the area of Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) is to identify tractable classes of constraints and develop efficient solutions for them. In this paper, we introduce generalized staircase (GS)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-19 Shubhadip Mitra , Partha Dutta , Arnab Bhattacharya

We propose discrete diffusion guidance for constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) and demonstrate its ability to solve Sudoku puzzles without supervision.

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Justin Jung

We consider the quantified constraint satisfaction problem (QCSP) which is to decide, given a structure and a first-order sentence (not assumed here to be in prenex form) built from conjunction and quantification, whether or not the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Hubie Chen