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Recent results show that a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) defined over rational numbers with their natural ordering has a solution if and only if it has a definable solution. The proof uses advanced results from topology and modern…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Michał R. Przybyłek

The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) is a general problem central to computer science and artificial intelligence. Although the CSP is NP-hard in general, considerable effort has been spent on identifying tractable subclasses. The main…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-07-09 David A. Cohen , Martin C. Cooper , Páidí Creed , András Z. Salamon

The Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) is a problem of computing a homomorphism $\mathbf{R}\to \mathbf{\Gamma}$ between two relational structures, where $\mathbf{R}$ is defined over a domain $V$ and $\mathbf{\Gamma}$ is defined over a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Rustem Takhanov

The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) is a computational problem that includes a range of important problems in computer science. We point out that fundamental concepts of the CSP, such as the solution set of an instance and…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-04 Soichiro Fujii , Yuni Iwamasa , Kei Kimura

We study constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) where the constraint languages are defined by finite automata, giving rise to automata-based CSPs. The key notion is the concept of Automatic Constraint Satisfaction Problem ($AutCSP$), where…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Andrei Bulatov , Xiaoyang Gong , Bakh Khoussainov , Xinyao Wang

In the Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP for short) the goal is to decide the existence of a homomorphism from a given relational structure $G$ to a given relational structure $H$. If the structure $H$ is fixed and $G$ is the only input,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Andrei A. Bulatov , Amirhossein Kazeminia

The Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) is ubiquitous in various areas of mathematics and computer science. Many of its variations have been studied including the Counting CSP, where the goal is to find the number of solutions to a CSP…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Amirhossein Kazeminia , Andrei A. Bulatov

The binary Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) is to decide whether there exists an assignment to a set of variables which satisfies specified constraints between pairs of variables. A binary CSP instance can be presented as a labelled…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-06-28 David A. Cohen , Martin C. Cooper , Peter G. Jeavons , Stanislav Zivny

Task-oriented dialogues must maintain consistency both within the dialogue itself, ensuring logical coherence across turns, and with the conversational domain, accurately reflecting external knowledge. We propose to conceptualize dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Tiziano Labruna , Bernardo Magnini

The Promise Constraint Satisfaction Problem (PCSP for short) is a generalization of the well-studied Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP). The PCSP has its roots in such classic problems as the Approximate Graph Coloring and the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Arash Beikmohammadi , Andrei A. Bulatov

In a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) the goal is to find an assignment of a given set of variables subject to specified constraints. A global cardinality constraint is an additional requirement that prescribes how many variables must…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Andrei A. Bulatov , Daniel Marx

For a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP), a robust satisfaction algorithm is one that outputs an assignment satisfying most of the constraints on instances that are near-satisfiable. It is known that the CSPs that admit efficient robust…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Joshua Brakensiek , Venkatesan Guruswami , Sai Sandeep

In the field of constraint satisfaction problems (CSP), promise CSPs are an exciting new direction of study. In a promise CSP, each constraint comes in two forms: "strict" and "weak," and in the associated decision problem one must…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Joshua Brakensiek , Venkatesan Guruswami , Marcin Wrochna , Stanislav Živný

Constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) are about finding values of variables that satisfy the given constraints. We show that Transformer extended with recurrence is a viable approach to learning to solve CSPs in an end-to-end manner,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Zhun Yang , Adam Ishay , Joohyung Lee

The dominating set reconfiguration problem is defined as determining, for a given dominating set problem and two among its feasible solutions, whether one is reachable from the other via a sequence of feasible solutions subject to a certain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Masato Kato , Torsten Schaub , Takehide Soh , Naoyuki Tamura , Mutsunori Banbara

A wide range of problems can be modelled as constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs), that is, a set of constraints that must be satisfied simultaneously. Constraints can either be represented extensionally, by explicitly listing allowed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-07-09 Evgenij Thorstensen

The constraint satisfaction problem asks to decide if a set of constraints over a relational structure $\mathcal{A}$ is satisfiable (CSP$(\mathcal{A})$). We consider CSP$(\mathcal{A} \cup \mathcal{B})$ where $\mathcal{A}$ is a structure and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Peter Jonsson , Victor Lagerkvist , George Osipov

The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) is a central generic problem in computer science and artificial intelligence: it provides a common framework for many theoretical problems as well as for many real-life applications. Soft constraint…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-04-25 Martin C. Cooper , Stanislav Zivny

Many natural combinatorial problems can be expressed as constraint satisfaction problems. This class of problems is known to be NP-complete in general, but certain restrictions on the form of the constraints can ensure tractability. The…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Dmitriy Zhuk

In the last two decades the study of random instances of constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) has flourished across several disciplines, including computer science, mathematics and physics. The diversity of the developed methods, on the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-02 Konstantinos Panagiotou , Matija Pasch