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We propose a construction of the Coulomb branch of a $3d\ {\mathcal N}=4$ gauge theory corresponding to a choice of a connected reductive group $G$ and a symplectic finite-dimensional reprsentation $\mathbf M$ of $G$, satisfying certain…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-07-24 Alexander Braverman , Gurbir Dhillon , Michael Finkelberg , Sam Raskin , Roman Travkin

The Abelian monopoles in lattice gluodynamics are associated with continuum monopoles blocked to the lattice. This association allows to predict the lattice monopole action and density of the (squared) monopole charges from a continuum…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2009-11-07 M. N. Chernodub , K. Ishiguro , T. Suzuki

We study ring of functions on the (classical and quantized) phase space of 2-dimensional BF theory with the gauge group $\mathrm{GL}_N$ coupled to a 1-dimensional quantum mechanics with global symmetry $\mathrm{GL}_K$. These functions are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-11-19 Seyed Faroogh Moosavian , Yehao Zhou

We introduce several families of $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)$ UV boundary conditions in 3d $\mathcal N=4$ gauge theories and study their IR images in sigma-models to the Higgs and Coulomb branches. In the presence of Omega deformations, a UV…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-23 Mathew Bullimore , Tudor Dimofte , Davide Gaiotto , Justin Hilburn

We provide a proof for the conjectured equality of the generating function of integrated Higgs and Coulomb branch topological operators in 3d $\mathcal{N}\ge 4$ gauge theories and the three sphere partition function deformed by mass or FI…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-05-18 Luigi Guerrini , Silvia Penati , Itamar Yaakov

We study BPS loop operators in a 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ $Sp(N)$ gauge theory with four hypermultiplets in the fundamental representation and one hypermultiplet in the anti-symmetric representation. The algebra of BPS loop operators in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-07 Yutaka Yoshida

This is a supplement to [arXiv:1503.03676], where an approach towards a mathematically rigorous definition of the Coulomb branch of a $3$-dimensional $\mathcal N=4$ SUSY gauge theory was proposed. We ask questions on their expected…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Hiraku Nakajima

This work provides the fundamental theoretical framework for the molecular cavity Quantum Electrodynamics by resolving the gauge ambiguities between the Coulomb gauge and the dipole gauge Hamiltonian under the electronic state truncation.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-23 Michael A. D. Taylor , Arkajit Mandal , Wanghuai Zhou , Pengfei Huo

Four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, at a point on the Coulomb branch where $SU(N)$ gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken to $SU(N-1)\times U(1)$, admits BPS solitons describing a spherical shell of electric…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-06-02 S. Prem Kumar , Andy O'Bannon , Anton Pribytok , Ronnie Rodgers

We use the AdS/CFT duality to study the special point on the Coulomb branch of ${\cal N}=4$ SU(N) gauge theory which corresponds to a spherically symmetric shell of D3-branes. This point is of interest both because the spacetime region…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-25 S. B. Giddings , S. F. Ross

We analytically study the Fermi-gas formulation of sphere correlation functions of the Coulomb branch operators for 3d $\mathcal{N}=4$ ADHM theory with a gauge group $U(N)$, an adjoint hypermultiplet and $l$ hypermultiplets which can…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-01-10 Yasuyuki Hatsuda , Tadashi Okazaki

We study the Coulomb branches of three-dimensional $\mathcal N=4$ quiver gauge theories of type $T_\rho(SU(N))$ associated with non-maximal nilpotent orbits of $SL(N)$. Using the Hall--Littlewood closed form for Coulomb-branch Hilbert…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-28 Ayush Kumar

The Coulomb phase of a quantum field theory, when present, illuminates the analysis of its line operators and one-form symmetries. For 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ field theories the low energy physics of this phase is encoded in the special K\"ahler…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-09-21 Philip C. Argyres , Mario Martone , Michael Ray

The star-product between functions enable us to take the large $N$ limit in a controlled way. At finite $N$ it serves as a substitute for matrix multiplications. Non-abelian gauge theory can be deconstructed from lower dimensional gauge…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-11-23 Andreas Gustavsson

The aim of this paper is to extend existence results for the Coulomb gauge from standard gauge theory to a non-associative setting. Non-associative gauge theory is based on smooth loops, which are the non-associative analogs of Lie groups.…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-03-02 Sergey Grigorian

This is the third companion paper of arXiv:1601.03586. When a gauge theory has a flavor symmetry group, we construct a partial resolution of the Coulomb branch as a variant of the definition. We identify the partial resolution with a…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Alexander Braverman , Michael Finkelberg , Hiraku Nakajima

Seiberg-like dualities in $2+1$d quiver gauge theories with $4$ supercharges are investigated. We consider quivers made of various combinations of classical gauge groups $U(N)$, $Sp(N)$, $SO(N)$ and $SU(N)$. Our main focus is the mapping of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-11-10 Sergio Benvenuti , Ivan Garozzo , Gabriele Lo Monaco

This is an introduction to a provisional mathematical definition of Coulomb branches of $3$-dimensional $\mathcal N=4$ supersymmetric gauge theories, studied in arXiv:1503.03676, arXiv:1601.03586

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2016-12-30 Hiraku Nakajima

We consider mixed branches of 3d $\mathcal{N}=4$ $T[SU(N)]$ theory. We compute the Hilbert series of the Coulomb branch part of the mixed branch from a restriction rule acting on the Hilbert series of the full Coulomb branch that will…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-03-08 Federico Carta , Hirotaka Hayashi

The strong coupling dynamics of a 2+1 dimensional U(1) gauge theory coupled to charged matter is holographically modeled via a top-down construction with intersecting D3- and D5-branes. We explore the resulting phase diagram at finite…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-30 T. Alho , V. Giangreco M. Puletti , R. Pourhasan , L. Thorlacius