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In this thesis, we propose a multitask learning based method to improve Neural Sign Language Translation (NSLT) consisting of two parts, a tokenization layer and Neural Machine Translation (NMT). The tokenization part focuses on how Sign…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Alptekin Orbay

Machine translation (MT) is an important sub-field of natural language processing that aims to translate natural languages using computers. In recent years, end-to-end neural machine translation (NMT) has achieved great success and has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Zhixing Tan , Shuo Wang , Zonghan Yang , Gang Chen , Xuancheng Huang , Maosong Sun , Yang Liu

Machine translation (MT) is a technique that leverages computers to translate human languages automatically. Nowadays, neural machine translation (NMT) which models direct mapping between source and target languages with deep neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Although neural machine translation (NMT) has advanced the state-of-the-art on various language pairs, the interpretability of NMT remains unsatisfactory. In this work, we propose to address this gap by focusing on understanding the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-18 Shilin He , Zhaopeng Tu , Xing Wang , Longyue Wang , Michael R. Lyu , Shuming Shi

Neural machine translation (NMT), a new approach to machine translation, has achieved promising results comparable to those of traditional approaches such as statistical machine translation (SMT). Despite its recent success, NMT cannot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-21 Zi Long , Takehito Utsuro , Tomoharu Mitsuhashi , Mikio Yamamoto

Tokenization is a foundational step in natural language processing (NLP) tasks, bridging raw text and language models. Existing tokenization approaches like Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE) originate from the field of data compression, and it has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Craig W. Schmidt , Varshini Reddy , Haoran Zhang , Alec Alameddine , Omri Uzan , Yuval Pinter , Chris Tanner

Tokenization - the practice of converting strings of characters from an alphabet into sequences of tokens over a vocabulary - is a critical step in the NLP pipeline. The use of token representations is widely credited with increased model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Juan Luis Gastaldi , John Terilla , Luca Malagutti , Brian DuSell , Tim Vieira , Ryan Cotterell

Most modern neural machine translation (NMT) systems rely on presegmented inputs. Segmentation granularity importantly determines the input and output sequence lengths, hence the modeling depth, and source and target vocabularies, which in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Julia Kreutzer , Artem Sokolov

Tokenization is the first step in training any Large Language Model (LLM), where the text is split into a sequence of tokens as per the model's fixed vocabulary. This tokenization in LLMs is different from the traditional tokenization in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Sachin Pawar , Manoj Apte , Kshitij Jadhav , Girish Keshav Palshikar , Nitin Ramrakhiyani

Neural machine translation (NMT) models are typically trained with fixed-size input and output vocabularies, which creates an important bottleneck on their accuracy and generalization capability. As a solution, various studies proposed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Duygu Ataman , Marcello Federico

Tokenization is a fundamental component of language models for code. It involves breaking down the input into units that are later passed to the language model stack to learn high-dimensional representations used in various contexts, from…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Mootez Saad , Hao Li , Tushar Sharma , Ahmed E. Hassan

Neural machine translation (NMT) is notoriously sensitive to noises, but noises are almost inevitable in practice. One special kind of noise is the homophone noise, where words are replaced by other words with similar pronunciations. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Hairong Liu , Mingbo Ma , Liang Huang , Hao Xiong , Zhongjun He

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) is an end-to-end learning approach for automated translation, with the potential to overcome many of the weaknesses of conventional phrase-based translation systems. Unfortunately, NMT systems are known to…

Multilingual neural machine translation (NMT), which translates multiple languages using a single model, is of great practical importance due to its advantages in simplifying the training process, reducing online maintenance costs, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Xu Tan , Jiale Chen , Di He , Yingce Xia , Tao Qin , Tie-Yan Liu

Neural machine translation (NMT) becomes a new approach to machine translation and generates much more fluent results compared to statistical machine translation (SMT). However, SMT is usually better than NMT in translation adequacy. It is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-04-24 Long Zhou , Wenpeng Hu , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

As neural machine translation (NMT) is not easily amenable to explicit correction of errors, incorporating pre-specified translations into NMT is widely regarded as a non-trivial challenge. In this paper, we propose and explore three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Tao Wang , Shaohui Kuang , Deyi Xiong , António Branco

Most existing machine translation systems operate at the level of words, relying on explicit segmentation to extract tokens. We introduce a neural machine translation (NMT) model that maps a source character sequence to a target character…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-14 Jason Lee , Kyunghyun Cho , Thomas Hofmann

While neural machine translation (NMT) has achieved state-of-the-art translation performance, it is unable to capture the alignment between the input and output during the translation process. The lack of alignment in NMT models leads to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Jiacheng Zhang , Huanbo Luan , Maosong Sun , FeiFei Zhai , Jingfang Xu , Yang Liu

The impact of subword tokenization on language model performance is well-documented for perplexity, with finer granularity consistently reducing this intrinsic metric. However, research on how different tokenization schemes affect a model's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Nishant Luitel , Nirajan Bekoju , Anand Kumar Sah , Subarna Shakya

We explore threshold vocabulary trimming in Byte-Pair Encoding subword tokenization, a postprocessing step that replaces rare subwords with their component subwords. The technique is available in popular tokenization libraries but has not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Marco Cognetta , Tatsuya Hiraoka , Naoaki Okazaki , Rico Sennrich , Yuval Pinter