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Model reparametrization, which follows the change-of-variable rule of calculus, is a popular way to improve the training of neural nets. But it can also be problematic since it can induce inconsistencies in, e.g., Hessian-based flatness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Agustinus Kristiadi , Felix Dangel , Philipp Hennig

Sequence alignment is a memory bound computation whose performance in modern systems is limited by the memory bandwidth bottleneck. Processing-in-memory architectures alleviate this bottleneck by providing the memory with computing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Safaa Diab , Amir Nassereldine , Mohammed Alser , Juan Gómez-Luna , Onur Mutlu , Izzat El Hajj

Persistent AI memory is often reduced to a retrieval problem: store prior interactions as text, embed them, and ask the model to recover relevant context later. This design is useful for thematic recall, but it is mismatched to the kinds of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Alex Petrov , Alexander Gusak , Denis Mukha , Dima Korolev

We design the first learned index that solves the dictionary problem with time and space complexity provably better than classic data structures for hierarchical memories, such as B-trees, and modern learned indexes. We call our solution…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Giorgio Vinciguerra , Paolo Ferragina , Michele Miccinesi

The training and inference of large language models (LLMs) are together a costly process that transports knowledge from raw data to meaningful computation. Inspired by the memory hierarchy of the human brain, we reduce this cost by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Hongkang Yang , Zehao Lin , Wenjin Wang , Hao Wu , Zhiyu Li , Bo Tang , Wenqiang Wei , Jinbo Wang , Zeyun Tang , Shichao Song , Chenyang Xi , Yu Yu , Kai Chen , Feiyu Xiong , Linpeng Tang , Weinan E

Uncertainty estimation in machine learning has traditionally focused on the prediction stage, aiming to quantify confidence in model outputs while treating learned representations as deterministic and reliable by default. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-20 Yiyao Yang

This paper discusses belief revision under uncertain inputs in the framework of possibility theory. Revision can be based on two possible definitions of the conditioning operation, one based on min operator which requires a purely ordinal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-18 Didier Dubois , Henri Prade

A large language model (LLM) is one of the most important emerging machine learning applications nowadays. However, due to its huge model size and runtime increase of the memory footprint, LLM inferences suffer from the lack of memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Soojin Hwang , Jungwoo Kim , Sanghyeon Lee , Hongbeen Kim , Jaehyuk Huh

Iterated belief revision requires information about the current beliefs. This information is represented by mathematical structures called doxastic states. Most literature concentrates on how to revise a doxastic state and neglects that it…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Paolo Liberatore

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) has enabled new forms of AI-assisted reasoning across scientific, technical, and organizational domains. However, prevailing modes of LLM use remain cognitively unstructured: problem…

In this paper we present a foundational study on a constrained method that defines learning problems with Neural Networks in the context of the principle of least cognitive action, which very much resembles the principle of least action in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Alessandro Betti , Marco Gori , Simone Marullo , Stefano Melacci

Algorithmic recourse emerges as a prominent technique to promote the explainability, transparency, and ethics of machine learning models. Existing algorithmic recourse approaches often assume an invariant predictive model; however, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Ngoc Bui , Duy Nguyen , Man-Chung Yue , Viet Anh Nguyen

Memory consistency models are notorious for being difficult to define precisely, to reason about, and to verify. More than a decade of effort has gone into nailing down the definitions of the ARM and IBM Power memory models, and yet there…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Sizhuo Zhang , Muralidaran Vijayaraghavan , Dan Lustig , Arvind

We present a meta-algorithm for learning a posterior-inference algorithm for restricted probabilistic programs. Our meta-algorithm takes a training set of probabilistic programs that describe models with observations, and attempts to learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Gwonsoo Che , Hongseok Yang

General matrix multiplication (GEMM) is a ubiquitous computing kernel/algorithm for data processing in diverse applications, including artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL). Recent shift towards edge computing has inspired…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Harideep Nair , Prabhu Vellaisamy , Albert Chen , Joseph Finn , Anna Li , Manav Trivedi , John Paul Shen

Volume parameterizations abound in recent literature, from the classic voxel grid to the implicit neural representation and everything in between. While implicit representations have shown impressive capacity and better memory efficiency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Irmak Sivgin , Sara Fridovich-Keil , Gordon Wetzstein , Mert Pilanci

The belief revision field is opulent in new proposals and indigent in analyses of existing approaches. Much work hinge on postulates, employed as syntactic characterizations: some revision mechanism is equivalent to some properties.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Paolo Liberatore

Existing memory systems enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to support long-horizon human-LLM interactions by persisting historical interactions beyond limited context windows. However, while recent approaches have succeeded in constructing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Haidong Xin , Xinze Li , Zhenghao Liu , Yukun Yan , Shuo Wang , Cheng Yang , Yu Gu , Ge Yu , Maosong Sun

This paper provides a novel approach to reconciling complex low-level memory model features, such as pointer--integer casts, with desired refinements that are needed to justify the correctness of program transformations. The idea is to use…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Calvin Beck , Irene Yoon , Hanxi Chen , Yannick Zakowski , Steve Zdancewic

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become essential in a variety of applications due to their advanced language understanding and generation capabilities. However, their computational and memory requirements pose significant challenges to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Cristobal Ortega , Yann Falevoz , Renaud Ayrignac
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