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This work introduces the high-order Boris-SDC method for integrating the equations of motion for electrically charged particles in an electric and magnetic field. Boris-SDC relies on a combination of the Boris-integrator with spectral…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-07-24 Mathias Winkel , Robert Speck , Daniel Ruprecht

A modification of the standard Boris algorithm, called filtered Boris algorithm, is proposed for the numerical integration of the equations of motion of charged particles in a strong non-uniform magnetic field in the asymptotic scaling…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-07-18 Ernst Hairer , Christian Lubich , Bin Wang

Time-centered, hence second-order, methods for integrating the relativistic momentum of charged particles in an electromagnetic field are derived. A new method is found by averaging the momentum before use in the magnetic rotation term, and…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2017-05-24 Adam V. Higuera , John R. Cary

An improved Boris algorithm for simulating the motion of charged particles in electromagnetic fields has been developed. This enhancement addresses the issue of inaccurate fast-scale cyclotron phase calculations present in the original…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-07-18 Jian Wang , Xiaodong Zhang , Lei Ye , Xingyuan Xu

The Boris algorithm, a closely related variational integrator and a newly proposed filtered variational integrator are studied when they are used to numerically integrate the equations of motion of a charged particle in a non-uniform strong…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-01-27 Ernst Hairer , Christian Lubich , Yanyan Shi

The paper investigates two new use cases for the Boris Spectral Deferred Corrections (Boris-SDC) time integrator for plasma simulations. First, we show that using Boris-SDC as a particle pusher in an electrostatic particle-in-cell (PIC)…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-08 Kris Smedt , Daniel Ruprecht , Jitse Niesen , Steven Tobias , Joonas Nättilä

The interaction of electrically charged particles with magnetic fields is a fundamental problem in several areas of physics. An example is the motion of energetic particles through a magnetized plasma. The most accurate and reliable way to…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Andreas Shalchi

We propose a family of numerical solvers for the nonrelativistic Newton--Lorentz equation in kinetic plasma simulations. The new solvers extend the standard 4-step Boris procedure, which has second-order accuracy in time, in three ways.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Seiji Zenitani , Tsunehiko N. Kato

Xiao and Qin [Computer Physics Comm., 265:107981, 2021] recently proposed a remarkably simple modification of the Boris algorithm to compute the guiding centre of the highly oscillatory motion of a charged particle with step sizes that are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-05-26 Christian Lubich , Yanyan Shi

This work gives a Lie operator derivation of various Boris solvers via a detailed study of trajectory errors in a constant magnetic field. These errors in the gyrocenter location and the gyroradius are the foundational basis for why Boris…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-07-27 Siu A. Chin , Durward Cator

In this paper, we study the charged-particle dynamics under strong magnetic field in a toroidal axi-symmetric geometry. Using modulated Fourier expansions of the exact and numerical solutions, the long-term drift motion of the exact…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-11-04 Yanyan Shi

The Boris algorithm for integrating charged particle trajectories in electric and magnetic fields is popular due to its simple implementation, rapid iteration, and observed long-term numerical fidelity. The underlying cause of this…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-09-10 C. L. Ellison , J. W. Burby , H. Qin

The equations of motion of a single particle subject to an arbitrary electric and a static magnetic field form a Poisson system. We present a second-order time integration method which preserves well the Poisson structure and compare it to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-01-06 Christian Knapp , Alexander Kendl , Antti Koskela , Alexander Ostermann

For a separable Hamiltonian, there are two fundamental, time-symmetric, second-order velocity-Verlet (VV) and position-Verlet (PV) symplectic integrators. Similarly, there are two VV and PV version of exact energy conserving algorithms for…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-11-17 Siu A. Chin

We construct Boris-type schemes for integrating the motion of charged particles in particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation. The new solvers virtually combine the 2-step Boris procedure arbitrary n times in the Lorentz-force part, and therefore we…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-10-08 Seiji Zenitani , Tsunehiko N Kato

In this paper, we extend several time reversible numerical integrators to solve the Lorentz force equations from second order accuracy to higher order accuracy for relativistic charged particle tracking in electromagnetic fields. A fourth…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2017-08-23 Ji Qiang

A class of explicit numerical schemes is developed to solve for the relativistic dynamics and spin of particles in electromagnetic fields, using the Lorentz-BMT equation formulated in the Clifford algebra representation of Baylis. It is…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-05-05 R. Cabrera , A. G. Campos , D. I. Bondar , S. MacLean , F. Fillion-Gourdeau

A simple form of the Boris solver in particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation is proposed. It employs an exact solution of the Lorentz-force part, and it is equivalent to the Boris solver with a gyrophase correction. As a favorable property for…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-11-20 Seiji Zenitani , Takayuki Umeda

A customized finite-difference field solver for the particle-in-cell (PIC) algorithm that provides higher fidelity for wave-particle interactions in intense electromagnetic waves is presented. In many problems of interest, particles with…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-04-26 Fei Li , Kyle G. Miller , Xinlu Xu , Frank S. Tsung , Viktor K. Decyk , Weiming An , Ricardo A. Fonseca , Warren B. Mori

We present efficient algorithms to calculate trajectories for periodic Lorentz gases consisting of square lattices of circular obstacles in two dimensions, and simple cubic lattices of spheres in three dimensions; these become increasingly…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2016-01-20 Atahualpa S. Kraemer , Nikolay Kryukov , David P. Sanders
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