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Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is critical for language accessibility, yet low-resource Cantonese remains challenging due to limited annotated data, six lexical tones, tone sandhi, and accent variation. Existing ASR models, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Dazhong Chen , Yi-Cheng Lin , Yuchen Huang , Ziwei Gong , Di Jiang , Zeying Xie , Yi R. , Fung

In this work we explore the latency and accuracy of keyword spotting (KWS) models in streaming and non-streaming modes on mobile phones. NN model conversion from non-streaming mode (model receives the whole input sequence and then returns…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-29 Oleg Rybakov , Natasha Kononenko , Niranjan Subrahmanya , Mirko Visontai , Stella Laurenzo

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems frequently use a search-based decoding strategy aiming to find the best attainable transcript by considering multiple candidates. One prominent speech recognition decoding heuristic is beam search,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Tomer Wullach , Shlomo E. Chazan

The demand for fast and accurate incremental speech recognition increases as the applications of automatic speech recognition (ASR) proliferate. Incremental speech recognizers output chunks of partially recognized words while the user is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Yuan Shangguan , Kate Knister , Yanzhang He , Ian McGraw , Francoise Beaufays

Contextual biasing improves automatic speech recognition (ASR) by integrating external knowledge, such as user-specific phrases or entities, during decoding. In this work, we use an attention-based biasing decoder to produce scores for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-29 Wanting Huang , Weiran Wang

Streaming automatic speech recognition (ASR) aims to emit each hypothesized word as quickly and accurately as possible, while full-context ASR waits for the completion of a full speech utterance before emitting completed hypotheses. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Jiahui Yu , Wei Han , Anmol Gulati , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Bo Li , Tara N. Sainath , Yonghui Wu , Ruoming Pang

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) has reached a level of accuracy in recent years, that even outperforms humans in transcribing speech to text. Nevertheless, all current ASR approaches show a certain weakness against ambient noise. To…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Christopher Simic , Tobias Bocklet

Many existing works on voice conversion (VC) tasks use automatic speech recognition (ASR) models for ensuring linguistic consistency between source and converted samples. However, for the low-data resource domains, training a high-quality…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Mayank Kumar Singh , Naoya Takahashi , Onoe Naoyuki

Contextual biasing is an important and challenging task for end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, which aims to achieve better recognition performance by biasing the ASR system to particular context phrases such as person…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Xiaoqiang Wang , Yanqing Liu , Jinyu Li , Veljko Miljanic , Sheng Zhao , Hosam Khalil

Keyword spotting (KWS) is an important technique for speech applications, which enables users to activate devices by speaking a keyword phrase. Although a phoneme classifier can be used for KWS, exploiting a large amount of transcribed data…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-23 Takuya Higuchi , Anmol Gupta , Chandra Dhir

Modern automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems need to be robust under acoustic variability arising from environmental, speaker, channel, and recording conditions. Ensuring such robustness to variability is a challenge in modern day…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-07 Dmitriy Serdyuk , Kartik Audhkhasi , Philémon Brakel , Bhuvana Ramabhadran , Samuel Thomas , Yoshua Bengio

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is increasingly used in applications involving child speech, such as language learning and literacy acquisition. However, the effectiveness of such applications is limited by high ASR error rates. The…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Gus Lathouwers , Lingyun Gao , Catia Cucchiarini , Helmer Strik

Conventional speech enhancement technique such as beamforming has known benefits for far-field speech recognition. Our own work in frequency-domain multi-channel acoustic modeling has shown additional improvements by training a spatial…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Taejin Park , Kenichi Kumatani , Minhua Wu , Shiva Sundaram

Keyword spotting (KWS) refers to the task of identifying a set of predefined words in audio streams. With the advances seen recently with deep neural networks, it has become a popular technology to activate and control small devices, such…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-25 Heitor R. Guimarães , Arthur Pimentel , Anderson Avila , Tiago H. Falk

The performances of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are usually evaluated by the metric word error rate (WER) when the manually transcribed data are provided, which are, however, expensively available in the real scenario. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Kai Fan , Jiayi Wang , Bo Li , Shiliang Zhang , Boxing Chen , Niyu Ge , Zhijie Yan

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) has gained remarkable successes thanks to recent advances of deep learning, but it usually degrades significantly under real-world noisy conditions. Recent works introduce speech enhancement (SE) as…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-19 Yuchen Hu , Chen Chen , Qiushi Zhu , Eng Siong Chng

Audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR) system is thought to be one of the most promising solutions for robust speech recognition, especially in noisy environment. In this paper, we propose a novel multimodal attention based method for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-24 Pan Zhou , Wenwen Yang , Wei Chen , Yanfeng Wang , Jia Jia

The goal of this work is to automatically determine whether and when a word of interest is spoken by a talking face, with or without the audio. We propose a zero-shot method suitable for in the wild videos. Our key contributions are: (1) a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Liliane Momeni , Triantafyllos Afouras , Themos Stafylakis , Samuel Albanie , Andrew Zisserman

Smart audio devices are gated by an always-on lightweight keyword spotting program to reduce power consumption. It is however challenging to design models that have both high accuracy and low latency for accurate and fast responsiveness.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-23 Bo Zhang , Wenfeng Li , Qingyuan Li , Weiji Zhuang , Xiangxiang Chu , Yujun Wang

Audio-Visual Speech Recognition (AVSR) achieves robust speech recognition in noisy environments by combining auditory and visual information. However, recent Large Language Model (LLM) based AVSR systems incur high computational costs due…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Jeong Hun Yeo , Hyeongseop Rha , Se Jin Park , Yong Man Ro