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Reasoning with LLMs increasingly unfolds inside a broader verification loop. Internally, systems use cheap checks, such as self-consistency or proxy rewards, which we call weak verification. Externally, users inspect outputs and steer the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Shayan Kiyani , Sima Noorani , George Pappas , Hamed Hassani

When allocating indivisible items, there are various ways to use monetary transfers for eliminating envy. Particularly, one can apply a balanced vector of transfer payments, or charge each agent a positive amount, or -- contrarily -- give…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Noga Klein Elmalem , Rica Gonen , Erel Segal-Halevi

We study a budget-aggregation setting in which a number of voters report their ideal distribution of a budget over a set of alternatives, and a mechanism aggregates these reports into an allocation. Ideally, such mechanisms are truthful,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Mark de Berg , Rupert Freeman , Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin , Markus Utke

A principal has $m$ identical objects to allocate among a group of $n$ agents. Objects are desirable and the principal's value of assigning an object to an agent is the agent's private information. The principal can verify up to $k$ agents,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-09-04 Albin Erlanson , Andreas Kleiner

We study truthful mechanisms for allocation problems in graphs, both for the minimization (i.e., scheduling) and maximization (i.e., auctions) setting. The minimization problem is a special case of the well-studied unrelated machines…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-08 George Christodoulou , Elias Koutsoupias , Annamaria Kovacs

Runtime verification is a lightweight verification technique that complements model checking by analyzing system executions at runtime rather than exploring a complete system model in advance. It is particularly useful for partially…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Benedikt Bollig

An online truthful budgeted matching problem is considered for a bipartite graph, where the right vertices are available ahead of time, and individual left vertices arrive sequentially. On arrival of a left vertex, its edge utilities (or…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-06-03 Rahul Vaze , Marceau Coupechoux

As machine learning systems are increasingly used to make real world legal and financial decisions, it is of paramount importance that we develop algorithms to verify that these systems do not discriminate against minorities. We design a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Osbert Bastani , Xin Zhang , Armando Solar-Lezama

We revisit the problem of designing strategyproof mechanisms for allocating divisible items among two agents who have linear utilities, where payments are disallowed and there is no prior information on the agents' preferences. The…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-13 Yun Kuen Cheung

We explore the following question: Is a decision-making program fair, for some useful definition of fairness? First, we describe how several algorithmic fairness questions can be phrased as program verification problems. Second, we discuss…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-10-20 Aws Albarghouthi , Loris D'Antoni , Samuel Drews , Aditya Nori

Information and communication technologies are by now employed in most human activities, including economics and finance. Modern computers have reached an extraordinary power in terms of information processing, storage, retrieval, and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Marco Bernardo , Federico Calandra , Andrea Esposito , Francesco Fabris

We study problems with stochastic uncertainty information on intervals for which the precise value can be queried by paying a cost. The goal is to devise an adaptive decision tree to find a correct solution to the problem in consideration…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-27 Steven Chaplick , Magnús M. Halldórsson , Murilo S. de Lima , Tigran Tonoyan

Diagnostic tests play a crucial role in medical care. Thus any new diagnostic tests must undergo a thorough evaluation. New diagnostic tests are evaluated in comparison with the respective gold standard tests. The performance of binary…

Applications · Statistics 2025-09-17 Wan Nor Arifin , Umi Kalsom Yusof

When allocating indivisible resources or tasks, an envy-free allocation or equitable allocation may not exist. We present a sufficient condition and an algorithm to achieve envy-freeness and equitability when monetary transfers are allowed.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-19 Haris Aziz

We study the fundamental problem of allocating indivisible goods to agents with additive preferences. We consider eliciting from each agent only a ranking of her $k$ most preferred goods instead of her full cardinal valuations. We…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Daniel Halpern , Nisarg Shah

In the paper, the question whether truth values can be assigned to the propositions before their verification is discussed. To answer this question, a notion of a propositionally noncontextual theory is introduced that in order to explain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-27 Arkady Bolotin

We study decentralized cryptocurrency protocols in which the participants do not deplete physical scarce resources. Such protocols commonly rely on Proof of Stake, i.e., on mechanisms that extend voting power to the stakeholders of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-01-12 Iddo Bentov , Ariel Gabizon , Alex Mizrahi

We propose definitions and implementations of "S-money" - virtual tokens designed for high value fast transactions on networks with relativistic or other trusted signalling constraints, defined by inputs that in general are made at many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-10 Adrian Kent

Despite the vast body of research literature proposing algorithms with formal guarantees, the amount of verifiable code in today's systems remains minimal. This discrepancy stems from the inherent difficulty of verifying code, particularly…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Changjie Wang , Mariano Scazzariello , Marco Chiesa

Dealing with quadratic payments, marginal probability is usually considered ideally constant, maybe for the sake of initial simplicity. Considering the voting scenario depicted in "Quadratic Payments: A Primer" by Vitalik Buterin, firstly…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Andrea Barontini