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Quantum state tomography (QST) is an essential technique for characterizing quantum states. However, practical implementations of QST are significantly challenged by factors such as shot noise, attenuation, and Raman scattering, especially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-26 Artur Czerwinski

We study the performance of efficient quantum state tomography methods based on neural network quantum states using measured data from a two-photon experiment. Machine learning inspired variational methods provide a promising route towards…

It is believed that one of the first useful applications for a quantum computer will be the preparation of groundstates of molecular Hamiltonians. A crucial task involving state preparation and readout is obtaining physical observables of…

Quantum state tomography (QST) for reconstructing pure states requires exponentially increasing resources and measurements with the number of qubits by using state-of-the-art quantum compressive sensing (CS) methods. In this article, QST…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-16 Burhan Gulbahar

Quantum state tomography (QST) is the gold standard technique for obtaining an estimate for the state of small quantum systems in the laboratory. Its application to systems with more than a few constituents (e.g. particles) soon becomes…

Quantum state tomography (QST), the process of reconstructing some unknown quantum state $\hat\rho$ from repeated measurements on copies of said state, is a foundationally important task in the context of quantum computation and simulation.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Nathan Keenan , John Goold , Alex Nico-Katz

Quantum information has been drawing a wealth of research in recent years, shedding light on questions at the heart of quantum mechanics, as well as advancing fields such as complexity theory, cryptography, key distribution, and chemistry.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-25 Dikla Oren , Maor Mutzafi , Yonina C. Eldar , Mordechai Segev

The characterization of quantum states is a fundamental step of any application of quantum technologies. Nowadays there exist several approaches addressing this problem, also based on machine and deep learning techniques. However, all these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-07 Diego Maragnano , Claudio Cusano , Marco Liscidini

Reconstructing quantum states from measurement data represents a formidable challenge in quantum information science, especially as system sizes grow beyond the reach of traditional tomography methods. While recent studies have explored…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-06 Shabnam Jabeen , Dmytro Kurdydyk , Aadi Palnitkar , Mihir Talati , Jeffrey Yan , Jinghong Yang

With the capability to find the best fit to arbitrarily complicated data patterns, machine-learning (ML) enhanced quantum state tomography (QST) has demonstrated its advantages in extracting complete information about the quantum states.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-31 Hsien-Yi Hsieh , Jingyu Ning , Yi-Ru Chen , Hsun-Chung Wu , Hua Li Chen , Chien-Ming Wu , Ray-Kuang Lee

Quantum state tomography (QST) is the art of reconstructing an unknown quantum state through measurements. It is a key primitive for developing quantum technologies. Neural network quantum state tomography (NNQST), which aims to reconstruct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-18 Victor Wei , W. A. Coish , Pooya Ronagh , Christine A. Muschik

Quantum state tomography (QST) is a widely employed technique for characterizing the state of a quantum system. However, it is plagued by two fundamental challenges: computational and experimental complexity grows exponentially with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-12 Akshay Gaikwad , Manuel Sebastian Torres , Shahnawaz Ahmed , Anton Frisk Kockum

Quantum state tomography (QST) is a crucial tool for characterizing quantum states. However, QST becomes impractical for reconstructing multi-qubit density matrices since data sets and computational costs grow exponentially with qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-02 Aniket Patel , Akshay Gaikwad , Tangyou Huang , Anton Frisk Kockum , Tahereh Abad

Quantum state tomography (QST) is a fundamental technique for estimating the state of a quantum system from measured data and plays a crucial role in evaluating the performance of quantum devices. However, standard estimation methods become…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Shakir Showkat Sofi , Charlotte Vermeylen , Lieven De Lathauwer

We build a general quantum state tomography framework that makes use of machine learning techniques to reconstruct quantum states from a given set of coincidence measurements. For a wide range of pure and mixed input states we demonstrate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-09 Sanjaya Lohani , Brian T. Kirby , Michael Brodsky , Onur Danaci , Ryan T. Glasser

Quantum State Tomography (QST) is essential for characterizing and validating quantum systems, but its practical use is severely limited by the exponential growth of the Hilbert space and the number of measurements required for…

Quantum state preparation, a crucial subroutine in quantum computing, involves generating a target quantum state from initialized qubits. Arbitrary state preparation algorithms can be broadly categorized into arithmetic decomposition (AD)…

Multi-photon system has been studied by many groups, however the biggest challenge faced is the number of copies of an unknown state are limited and far from detecting quantum entanglement. The difficulty to prepare copies of the state is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-13 Yiping Lu , Qing Zhao

Quantifying and verifying the control level in preparing a quantum state are central challenges in building quantum devices. The quantum state is characterized from experimental measurements, using a procedure known as tomography, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-28 Quoc Hoan Tran , Kohei Nakajima

We present a method for quantum state tomography that enables the efficient estimation, with fixed precision, of any of the matrix elements of the density matrix of a state, provided that the states from the basis in which the matrix is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Ariel Bendersky , Juan Pablo Paz