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Token graphs, or symmetric powers of graphs, see \cite{alavi2002survey} and \cite{Fabila-Monroy2012}, are defined on the $k$-combinations of the vertex set of some graph $L$, where edges exist between two such combinations, if their…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-14 Jens Walter Fischer

Structural measures of graphs, such as treewidth, are central tools in computational complexity resulting in efficient algorithms when exploiting the parameter. It is even known that modern SAT solvers work efficiently on instances of small…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Yasir Mahmood , Markus Hecher , Johanna Groven , Johannes K. Fichte

Similarity notions between vertices in a graph, such as structural and regular equivalence, are one of the main ingredients in clustering tools in complex network science. We generalise structural and regular equivalences for undirected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Marzieh Eidi , Nina Otter

The treewidth of a graph is an important invariant in structural and algorithmic graph theory. This paper studies the treewidth of line graphs. We show that determining the treewidth of the line graph of a graph $G$ is equivalent to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-25 Daniel J. Harvey , David R. Wood

In some applications of matching, the structural or hierarchical properties of the two graphs being aligned must be maintained. The hierarchical properties are induced by the direction of the edges in the two directed graphs. These…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-09-29 Sean M. Falconer , Dmitri Maslov

A graph is called equimatchable if all of its maximal matchings have the same size. Frendrup et al. [8] provided a characterization of equimatchable graphs with girth at least $5$. In this paper, we extend this result by providing a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Yasemin Büyükçolak , Didem Gözüpek , Sibel Özkan

A geometric graph is a combinatorial graph, endowed with a geometry that is inherited from its embedding in a Euclidean space. Formulation of a meaningful measure of (dis-)similarity in both the combinatorial and geometric structures of two…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Sushovan Majhi , Carola Wenk

Non-deterministic constraint logic (NCL) is a simple model of computation based on orientations of a constraint graph with edge weights and vertex demands. NCL captures \PSPACE\xspace and has been a useful tool for proving algorithmic…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Tatsuhiko Hatanaka , Felix Hommelsheim , Takehiro Ito , Yusuke Kobayashi , Moritz Mühlenthaler , Akira Suzuki

We create the unlabeled or vertex-labeled graphs with up to 10 edges and up to 10 vertices and classify them by a set of standard properties: directed or not, vertex-labeled or not, connectivity, presence of isolated vertices, presence of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-27 Richard J. Mathar

A path graph is the intersection graph of paths in a tree. A directed path graph is the intersection graph of paths in a directed tree. Even if path graphs and directed path graphs are characterized very similarly, their recognition…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Lorenzo Balzotti

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have been widely used due to their outstanding performance in processing graph-structured data. However, the undirected graphs limit their application scope. In this paper, we extend spectral-based graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Zekun Tong , Yuxuan Liang , Changsheng Sun , David S. Rosenblum , Andrew Lim

We explore pseudometrics for directed graphs in order to better understand their topological properties. The directed flag complex associated to a directed graph provides a useful bridge between network science and topology. Indeed, it has…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-07-26 Ana Lucia Garcia-Pulido , Kathryn Hess , Jane Tan , Katharine Turner , Bei Wang , Naya Yerolemou

We propose algorithms to approximate directed information graphs. Directed information graphs are probabilistic graphical models that depict causal dependencies between stochastic processes in a network. The proposed algorithms identify…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-17 Christopher J. Quinn , Ali Pinar , Negar Kiyavash

The local chromatic number is a coloring parameter defined as the minimum number of colors that should appear in the most colorful closed neighborhood of a vertex under any proper coloring of the graph. Its directed version is the same when…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-06-03 Gábor Simonyi , Gábor Tardos , Ambrus Zsbán

Cutwidth is one of the classic layout parameters for graphs. It measures how well one can order the vertices of a graph in a linear manner, so that the maximum number of edges between any prefix and its complement suffix is minimized. As…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-02-16 Archontia C. Giannopoulou , Michał Pilipczuk , Jean-Florent Raymond , Dimitrios M. Thilikos , Marcin Wrochna

To push a vertex $v$ of a directed graph $\overrightarrow{G}$ is to change the orientations of all the arcs incident with $v$. An oriented graph is a directed graph without any cycle of length at most 2. An oriented clique is an oriented…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-30 Julien Bensmail , Soumen Nandi , Sagnik Sen

Parameterized algorithms are a very useful tool for dealing with NP-hard problems on graphs. Yet, to properly utilize parameterized algorithms it is necessary to choose the right parameter based on the type of problem and properties of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-01-18 Robert Ganian

Tree-cut width is a parameter that has been introduced as an attempt to obtain an analogue of treewidth for edge cuts. Unfortunately, in spite of its desirable structural properties, it turned out that tree-cut width falls short as an…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Robert Ganian , Viktoriia Korchemna

In this paper, we explore the design and analysis of regular bipartite graphs motivated by their application in low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes specifically with constrained girth and in the high-rate regime. We focus on the relation…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Sheida Rabeti , Mohsen Moradi , Hessam Mahdavifar

For a directed graph $G$, and a linear order $\ll$ on the vertices of $G$, we define backedge graph $G^\ll$ to be the undirected graph on the same vertex set with edge $\{u,w\}$ in $G^\ll$ if and only if $(u,w)$ is an arc in $G$ and $w \ll…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Grzegorz Gutowski , Mikołaj Rams