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We prove that there is a graph isomorphism test running in time $n^{\operatorname{polylog}(h)}$ on $n$-vertex graphs excluding some $h$-vertex graph as a minor. Previously known bounds were $n^{\operatorname{poly}(h)}$ (Ponomarenko, 1988)…

Let $G\subset GL_n(k)$ be a finite subgroup and $k[x_1,\dots, x_n]^G\subset k[x_1,\dots, x_n]$ its ring of invariants. We show that, in many cases, the automorphism group of $k[x_1,\dots, x_n]^G$ is $k^\times$. Version 2: Incorporates parts…

I present a single algorithm which solves the clique problems, "What is the largest size clique?", "What are all the maximal cliques?" and the decision problem, "Does a clique of size k exist?" for any given graph in polynomial time. The…

The aim of this paper is to introduce a polynomial invariant $f_K(t)$ for virtual knots. We show that $f_K(t)$ can be used to distinguish some virtual knot from its inverse and mirror image. The behavior of $f_K(t)$ under connected sum is…

For a Baer-local (composition) Fitting formation $\mathfrak{F}$ the polynomial time algorithm for the computation of the $\mathfrak{F}$-radical of a permutation group is suggested. In particular it is showed how one can compute the…

The famous Jacobian Conjecture asks if a morphism $f:K[x,y]\to K[x,y]$ with invertible Jacobian, is invertible ($K$ is a characteristic zero field). A known result says that if $K[f(x),f(y)] \subseteq K[x,y]$ is an integral extension, then…

Let $K$ be an imaginary quadratic field different from $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-1})$ and $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-3})$. For a positive integer $N$, let $K_\mathfrak{n}$ be the ray class field of $K$ modulo $\mathfrak{n}=N\mathcal{O}_K$. By using the…

Let $K$ be an algebraically closed field and $\mathrm{M}(2,K)$ be the $2\times 2$ matrix algebra over $K$ and $\mathrm{GL}(2,K)$ be the invertible elements in $\mathrm{M}(2,K)$. We explore the image of polynomials with constants, namely…

Let ${\rm k}$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0 and $G$ a connect, reductive group over it. Let $X$ be a projective $G$-variety of complexity 1. We classify $G$-equivariant normal test configurations of $X$ with integral…

We prove that certain classical groups $G\subseteq {\rm GL}(d,\mathbb{R}^d)$ serve to characterize ordinary polynomials in $d$ real variables as elements of finite-dimensional subspaces of $C(\mathbb{R}^d)$ that are invariant by changes of…

Given a quadratic map Q : K^n -> K^k defined over a computable subring D of a real closed field K, and a polynomial p(Y_1,...,Y_k) of degree d, we consider the zero set Z=Z(p(Q(X)),K^n) of the polynomial p(Q(X_1,...,X_n)). We present a…

We study the complexity of symmetric assembly puzzles: given a collection of simple polygons, can we translate, rotate, and possibly flip them so that their interior-disjoint union is line symmetric? On the negative side, we show that the…

We generalise the finite biquandle colouring invariant to a polynomial invariant based on labelling a knot diagram with a finite birack that reduces to the biquandle colouring invariant in that case. The polynomial is an invariant of a…

Let $H$ and $K$ be groups. In this paper we introduce a concept of determinant for automorphisms of $H\times K$ and some concepts of incompatibility for group pairs as a measure of how much $H$ and $K$ are fare from being isomorphic. With…

We give a simple proof of the smooth Thom isomorphism for complex bundles for the bivariant K-theories on locally convex algebras considered by Cuntz. We also prove the Thom isomorphism in Kasparov's KK-theory in a form stated without proof…

We introduce an integral version of the Hodge polynomial, which encodes the integral cohomology of smooth projective varieties. We prove it extends to a function which is well-defined on the Grothendieck ring of varieties and we obtain as a…

Consider the conjugation action of the general linear group $\operatorname{GL}_{2}(K)$ on the polynomial ring $K[X_{2 \times 2}]$. When $K$ is an infinite field, the ring of invariants is a polynomial ring generated by the trace and the…

Let $A_2$ be a free associative or polynomial algebra of rank two over a field $K$ of characteristic zero. Based on the degree estimate of Makar-Limanov and J.-T.Yu, we prove: 1) An element $p \in A_2$ is a test element if $p$ does not…

We prove that the fixed ring of the $q$-division ring $k_q(x,y)$ under any finite group of monomial automorphisms is isomorphic to $k_q(x,y)$ for the same $q$. In a similar manner, we also show that this phenomenon extends to an…

Let $k$ be a field, $f \colon X \to Y$ a birational morphism of integral connected schemes proper over $k$ with $Y$ normal, $x \in X(k)$ lying over $y \in Y(k)$. For Tannakian categories $\cC_X \subset \Vect(X)$ and $\cC_Y \subset…