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Image reconstruction in very-long baseline interferometry operates under severely sparse aperture coverage with calibration challenges from both the participating instruments and propagation medium, which introduce the risk of biases and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-14 Samuel Lai , Nithyanandan Thyagarajan , O. Ivy Wong , Foivos Diakogiannis

Structured illumination can reject out-of-focus signal from a sample, enabling high-speed and high-contrast imaging over large areas with widefield detection optics. Currently, this optical-sectioning technique is limited by image…

One of the aims of next generation optical interferometric instrumentation is to be able to make use of information contained in the visibility phase to construct high dynamic range images. Radio and optical interferometry are at the two…

We propose a new instrumental concept for long-baseline optical single-mode interferometry using integrated optics which were developed for telecommunication. Visible and infrared multi-aperture interferometry requires many optical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 F. Malbet , P. Kern , I. Schanen-Duport , J. -P. Berger , K. Rousselet-Perraut

The combination of high spatial and spectral resolution in optical astronomy enables new observational approaches to many open problems in stellar and circumstellar astrophysics. However, constructing a high-resolution spectrograph for an…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 S. Albrecht , A. Quirrenbach , R. N. Tubbs , R. Vink

Long-baseline interferometry and high-resolution spectroscopy are two examples of areas that have benefited from astrophotonics devices, but the application range is expanding to other subareas and other wavelength ranges. The VLTI has been…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-26 Lucas Labadie

For the next generation of radio interferometric telescopes it is of paramount importance to incorporate wide field-of-view (WFOV) considerations in interferometric imaging, otherwise the fidelity of reconstructed images will suffer…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-04 J. D. McEwen , Y. Wiaux

The new generation of VLTI instruments (GRAVITY, MATISSE) aims to produce routinely interferometric images to uncover the morphological complexity of different objects at high angular resolution. Image reconstruction is, however, not a…

After decades of experimental projects and fast-paced technical advances, optical / infrared (O/IR) interferometry has seen a revolution in the last years. The GRAVITY instrument at the VLTI with four 8 meter telescopes reaches thousand…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-02 Frank Eisenhauer , John D. Monnier , Oliver Pfuhl

Astronomical optical interferometers sample the Fourier transform of the intensity distribution of a source at the observation wavelength. Because of rapid perturbations caused by atmospheric turbulence, the phases of the complex Fourier…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-07 Antony Schutz , André Ferrari , David Mary , Férréol Soulez , Éric Thiébaut , Martin Vannier

The paper reviews progress in imaging in radio interferometry for the period 1993-1996. Unlike an optical telescope, the basic measurements of a radio interferometer (correlations between antennas) are indirectly related to a sky brightness…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. J. Sault , T. A. Oosterloo

This paper provides a general introduction to the problem of image reconstruction from interferometric data. A simple model of the interferometric observables is given and the issues arising from sparse Fourier data are discussed. The…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-29 Éric Thiébaut , John Young

Chromatic effects are usually associated with refractive optics, so reflective telescopes are assumed to be free from them. We show that all-reflective optics still bears significant levels of such perturbations, which is especially…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 D. Busonero , M. Gai , D. Gardiol , M. G. Lattanzi , D. Loreggia

Generating images from very long baseline interferometric observations poses a difficult, and generally not unique, inversion problem. This problem is simplified by the introduction of constraints, some generic (e.g., positivity of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-22 Avery E. Broderick , Dominic W. Pesce , Paul Tiede , Hung-Yi Pu , Roman Gold

Interest in pupil-remapping interferometry, in which a single telescope pupil is fragmented and recombined using fiber optic technologies, has been growing among a number of groups. As a logical extrapolation from several highly successful…

Optical diffraction tomography is an indispensable tool for studying objects in three-dimensions due to its ability to accurately reconstruct scattering objects. Until now this technique has been limited to coherent light because spatial…

By engineering and manipulating quantum entanglement between incoming photons and experimental apparatus, we construct single-photon detectors which cannot distinguish between photons of very different wavelengths. These color erasure…

Radio astronomy plays a crucial role in understanding the universe, particularly within the realm of non-thermal astrophysics. Images of celestial objects are derived from the signals (called visibility) measured by radio telescopes. Such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Kai Cheng , Ruoqi Wang , Qiong Luo

Over the past two decades, photonics have been developed as technological solutions for astronomical instrumentation for, e.g., near-infrared spectroscopy and long baseline interferometry. With increasing instrument capabilities, large…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-19 Aline N. Dinkelaker

Modern optical spectrographs and optical interferometers push the limits in the spectral and spatial regime, providing important new tools for the exploration of the universe. In this contribution I outline the complementary nature of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Stefan Kraus