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Sparse deep learning has reduced computation significantly, but its irregular non-zero data distribution complicates the data flow and hinders data reuse, increasing on-chip SRAM access and thus power consumption of the chip. This paper…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Kai-Chieh Hsu , Tian-Sheuan Chang

Owing to the diverse scales and varying distributions of sparse matrices arising from practical problems, a multitude of choices are present in the design and implementation of sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SpMV). Researchers have…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Jianhua Gao , Bingjie Liu , Yizhuo Wang , Weixing Ji , Hua Huang

General matrix-matrix multiplication (GEMM) is a cornerstone of AI computations, making tensor processing engines (TPEs) increasingly critical in GPUs and domain-specific architectures. Existing architectures primarily optimize dataflow or…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Qizhe Wu , Huawen Liang , Yuchen Gui , Zhichen Zeng , Zerong He , Linfeng Tao , Xiaotian Wang , Letian Zhao , Zhaoxi Zeng , Wei Yuan , Wei Wu , Xi Jin

The continuing advancement of memory technology has not only fueled a surge in performance, but also substantially exacerbate reliability challenges. Traditional solutions have primarily focused on improving the efficiency of protection…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Fan Li , Mimi Xie , Yanan Guo , Huize Li , Xin Xin

The number of battery-powered devices is rapidly increasing due to the widespread use of IoT-enabled nodes in various fields. Energy harvesters, which help to power embedded devices, are a feasible alternative to replacing battery-powered…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-18 SatyaJaswanth Badri , Mukesh Saini , Neeraj Goel

Recently, graphics processors (GPUs) have been increasingly leveraged in a variety of scientific computing applications. However, architectural differences between CPUs and GPUs necessitate the development of algorithms that take advantage…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2015-01-05 Jonathan Wong , Ellen Kuhl , Eric Darve

The sparse representation of graphs has shown great potential for accelerating the computation of graph applications (e.g., Social Networks, Knowledge Graphs) on traditional computing architectures (CPU, GPU, or TPU). But the exploration of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Bo Lyu , Shengbo Wang , Shiping Wen , Kaibo Shi , Yin Yang , Lingfang Zeng , Tingwen Huang

Sampled Dense Times Dense Matrix Multiplication (SDDMM) and Sparse Times Dense Matrix Multiplication (SpMM) appear in diverse settings, such as collaborative filtering, document clustering, and graph embedding. Frequently, the SDDMM output…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Vivek Bharadwaj , Aydin Buluç , James Demmel

Since its introduction in 2004, the MapReduce framework has become one of the standard approaches in massive distributed and parallel computation. In contrast to its intensive use in practise, theoretical footing is still limited and only…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2011-12-19 Gero Greiner , Riko Jacob

Ordering vertices of a graph is key to minimize fill-in and data structure size in sparse direct solvers, maximize locality in iterative solvers, and improve performance in graph algorithms. Except for naturally parallelizable ordering…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-10-27 Ariful Azad , Mathias Jacquelin , Aydin Buluc , Esmond G. Ng

Transformer-based models are the foundation of modern machine learning, but their execution, particularly during autoregressive decoding in large language models (LLMs), places significant pressure on memory systems due to frequent memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Zehao Fan , Garrett Gagnon , Zhenyu Liu , Liu Liu

With the imminent slowing down of DRAM scaling, Phase Change Memory (PCM) is emerging as a lead alternative for main memory technology. While PCM achieves low energy due to various technology-specific advantages, PCM is significantly slower…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2015-04-17 Hamza Bin Sohail , Balajee Vamanan , T. N. Vijaykumar

Structured sparsity has been proposed as an efficient way to prune the complexity of modern Machine Learning (ML) applications and to simplify the handling of sparse data in hardware. The acceleration of ML models - for both training and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-14 V. Titopoulos , K. Alexandridis , C. Peltekis , C. Nicopoulos , G. Dimitrakopoulos

High-performance sparse matrix-matrix (SpMM) multiplication is paramount for science and industry, as the ever-increasing sizes of data prohibit using dense data structures. Yet, existing hardware, such as Tensor Cores (TC), is ill-suited…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Patrik Okanovic , Grzegorz Kwasniewski , Paolo Sylos Labini , Maciej Besta , Flavio Vella , Torsten Hoefler

Computation of the large sparse matrix exponential has been an important topic in many fields, such as network and finite-element analysis. The existing scaling and squaring algorithm (SSA) is not suitable for the computation of the large…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-12 Feng Wu , Kailing Zhang , Li Zhu , Jiayao Hu

Sparse matrices, more specifically SpGEMM kernels, are commonly found in a wide range of applications, spanning graph-based path-finding to machine learning algorithms (e.g., neural networks). A particular challenge in implementing SpGEMM…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Kaustubh Shivdikar

Sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SpMV) is a central building block for scientific software and graph applications. Recently, heterogeneous processors composed of different types of cores attracted much attention because of their…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2015-09-15 Weifeng Liu , Brian Vinter

Runtime characteristics of sparse matrix computations and related processes may be often improved by reducing memory footprints of involved matrices. Such a reduction can be usually achieved when matrices are processed in a block-wise…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2018-01-01 Daniel Langr

Major chip manufacturers have all introduced multicore microprocessors. Multi-socket systems built from these processors are used for running various server applications. However to the best of our knowledge current commercial operating…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-10-24 Suryanarayana Murthy Durbhakula

Parallel architectures are continually increasing in performance and scale, while underlying algorithmic infrastructure often fail to take full advantage of available compute power. Within the context of MPI, irregular communication…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Andrew Geyko , Gerald Collom , Derek Schafer , Patrick Bridges , Amanda Bienz