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The interest in using reinforcement learning (RL) controllers in safety-critical applications such as robot navigation around pedestrians motivates the development of additional safety mechanisms. Running RL-enabled systems among uncertain…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Kegan J. Strawn , Nora Ayanian , Lars Lindemann

Recently, safe reinforcement learning (RL) with the actor-critic structure for continuous control tasks has received increasing attention. It is still challenging to learn a near-optimal control policy with safety and convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Xinglong Zhang , Yaoqian Peng , Biao Luo , Wei Pan , Xin Xu , Haibin Xie

Ensuring safety is a crucial challenge when deploying reinforcement learning (RL) to real-world systems. We develop confidence-based safety filters, a control-theoretic approach for certifying state safety constraints for nominal policies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Sebastian Curi , Armin Lederer , Sandra Hirche , Andreas Krause

While learning-based control techniques often outperform classical controller designs, safety requirements limit the acceptance of such methods in many applications. Recent developments address this issue through so-called predictive safety…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-16 Kim P. Wabersich , Melanie N. Zeilinger

Ensuring safety of nonlinear systems under model uncertainty and external disturbances is crucial, especially for real-world control tasks. Predictive methods such as robust model predictive control (RMPC) require solving nonconvex…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-14 Zeyang Li , Chuxiong Hu , Weiye Zhao , Changliu Liu

The large-scale integration of intermittent renewable energy resources introduces increased uncertainty and volatility to the supply side of power systems, thereby complicating system operation and control. Recently, data-driven approaches,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-02 Peipei Yu , Zhenyi Wang , Hongcai Zhang , Yonghua Song

Predictive safety filters enable the integration of potentially unsafe learning-based control approaches and humans into safety-critical systems. In addition to simple constraint satisfaction, many control problems involve additional…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-19 Elias Milios , Kim Peter Wabersich , Felix Berkel , Lukas Schwenkel

The growing need for high-performance controllers in safety-critical applications like autonomous driving has been motivating the development of formal safety verification techniques. In this paper, we design and implement a predictive…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-25 Ben Tearle , Kim P. Wabersich , Andrea Carron , Melanie N. Zeilinger

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms can achieve state-of-the-art performance in decision-making and continuous control tasks. However, applying RL algorithms on safety-critical systems still needs to be well justified due to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Mahmoud Selim , Amr Alanwar , M. Watheq El-Kharashi , Hazem M. Abbas , Karl H. Johansson

Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a compelling data-driven paradigm for synthesizing controllers for complex systems when accurate physical models are unavailable; however, most existing control-oriented RL methods assume stationarity and,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Austin Coursey , Abel Diaz-Gonzalez , Marcos Quinones-Grueiro , Gautam Biswas

This paper proposes a safe reinforcement learning (RL) framework based on forward-invariance-induced action-space design. The control problem is cast as a Markov decision process, but instead of relying on runtime shielding or penalty-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-10 Chieh Tsai , Muhammad Junayed Hasan Zahed , Salim Hariri , Hossein Rastgoftar

In real-world applications, we often require reliable decision making under dynamics uncertainties using noisy high-dimensional sensory data. Recently, we have seen an increasing number of learning-based control algorithms developed to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-20 Lukas Brunke , Siqi Zhou , Angela P. Schoellig

Predictive safety filters provide a way of projecting potentially unsafe inputs, proposed, e.g. by a human or learning-based controller, onto the set of inputs that guarantee recursive state and input constraint satisfaction by leveraging…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-30 Alexandre Didier , Andrea Zanelli , Kim P. Wabersich , Melanie N. Zeilinger

We develop provably safe and convergent reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms for control of nonlinear dynamical systems, bridging the gap between the hard safety guarantees of control theory and the convergence guarantees of RL theory.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Wesley A. Suttle , Vipul K. Sharma , Krishna C. Kosaraju , S. Sivaranjani , Ji Liu , Vijay Gupta , Brian M. Sadler

This paper presents a risk-aware safe reinforcement learning (RL) control design for stochastic discrete-time linear systems. Rather than using a safety certifier to myopically intervene with the RL controller, a risk-informed safe…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-16 Babak Esmaeili , Nariman Niknejad , Hamidreza Modares

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a powerful method for controlling dynamic systems, but its learning mechanism can lead to unpredictable actions that undermine the safety of critical systems. Here, we propose RL with Adaptive Regularization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Haozhe Tian , Homayoun Hamedmoghadam , Robert Shorten , Pietro Ferraro

Safety in reinforcement learning (RL) is a key property in both training and execution in many domains such as autonomous driving or finance. In this paper, we formalize it with a constrained RL formulation in the distributional RL setting.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Jianyi Zhang , Paul Weng

In this paper, we propose a novel predictive safety filter that is robust to bounded perturbations and is implemented in an even-triggered fashion to reduce online computation. The proposed safety filter extends upon existing work to reject…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-29 Wenceslao Shaw Cortez , Jan Drgona , Draguna Vrabie , Mahantesh Halappanavar

Providing safety guarantees for learning-based controllers is important for real-world applications. One approach to realizing safety for arbitrary control policies is safety filtering. If necessary, the filter modifies control inputs to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-18 Lukas Brunke , Siqi Zhou , Mingxuan Che , Angela P. Schoellig

Model-based reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising tool for developing controllers for real world systems (e.g., robotics, autonomous driving, etc.). However, real systems often have constraints imposed on their state space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Akshita Gupta , Inseok Hwang
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