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We study structural conditions in dense graphs that guarantee the existence of vertex-spanning substructures such as Hamilton cycles. It is easy to see that every Hamiltonian graph is connected, has a perfect fractional matching and,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-21 Richard Lang , Nicolás Sanhueza-Matamala

To understand the mechanisms underlying species coexistence, ecologists often study invasion growth rates of theoretical and data-driven models. These growth rates correspond to average per-capita growth rates of one species with respect to…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-08-02 Josef Hofbauer , Sebastian J. Schreiber

We use the combination of ideas and results from the theory of graph limits and nonlinear evolution equations to provide a rigorous mathematical justification for taking continuum limit for certain nonlocally coupled networks and to extend…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2013-11-25 Georgi S. Medvedev

A cornerstone of extremal graph theory due to Erd\H{o}s and Stone states that the edge density which guarantees a fixed graph $F$ as subgraph also asymptotically guarantees a blow-up of $F$ as subgraph. It is natural to ask whether this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Richard Lang , Nicolás Sanhueza-Matamala

We prove a variant of the Davies-Gaffney-Grigor'yan Lemma for the continuous time heat kernel on graphs. We use it together with the Li-Yau inequality to obtain strong heat kernel estimates for graphs satisfying the exponential curvature…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-11-30 Frank Bauer , Bobo Hua , Shing-Tung Yau

We prove almost sure convergence of the maximum degree in an evolving graph model combining a growing number of local choices with sublinear preferential attachment. At each step in the growth of the graph, a new vertex is introduced. Then…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-11-19 Yury Malyshkin

We construct a theory of existence, uniqueness and regularity of solutions for the fractional heat equation $\partial_t u +(-\Delta)^s u=0$, $0<s<1$, posed in the whole space $\mathbb{R}^N$ with data in a class of locally bounded Radon…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-08-30 Matteo Bonforte , Yannick Sire , Juan Luis Vazquez

We consider the graphical mean curvature flow of maps ${\bf f}:\mathbb{R}^m\to\mathbb{R}^n$, $m\ge 2$, and derive estimates on the growth rates of the evolved graphs, based on a new version of the maximum principle for properly immersed…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2024-03-19 Andreas Savas-Halilaj , Knut Smoczyk

Local complement is a graph operation formalized by Bouchet which replaces the neighborhood of a chosen vertex with its edge-complement. This operation induces an equivalence relation on graphs; determining the size of the resulting…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-02 Nicholas Connolly , Shin Nishio , Kae Nemoto

We study theorems giving sufficient conditions on the vertex degrees of a graph $G$ to guarantee $G$ is $t$-tough. We first give a best monotone theorem when $t\ge1$, but then show that for any integer $k\ge1$, a best monotone theorem for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-05-27 D. Bauer , H. J. Broersma , J. van den Heuvel , N. Kahl , E. Schmeichel

We identify the upper large deviation probability for the number of edges in scale-free geometric random graph models as the space volume goes to infinity. Our result covers the models of scale-free percolation, the Boolean model with…

Any Littlestone class, or stable graph, has finite sets which function as ``virtual elements'': these can be seen from the learning side as representing hypotheses which are expressible as weighted majority opinions of hypotheses in the…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-09-01 Maryanthe Malliaris , Olga Medrano Martín del Campo , Shay Moran

We consider a general class of spin systems with potentially unbounded real-valued spins, defined via a single-site potential with super-Gaussian tails on general graphs, allowing for both short- and long-range interactions. This class…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Christoforos Panagiotis , William Veitch

Given an $n$-vertex graph $G$, let $\hom (G)$ denote the size of a largest homogeneous set in $G$ and let $f(G)$ denote the maximal number of distinct degrees appearing in an induced subgraph of $G$. The relationship between these…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-24 Eoin Long , Laurentiu Ploscaru

For a sequence $(H_i)_{i=1}^k$ of graphs, let $\textrm{nim}(n;H_1,\ldots, H_k)$ denote the maximum number of edges not contained in any monochromatic copy of $H_i$ in colour $i$, for any colour $i$, over all $k$-edge-colourings of~$K_n$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-11 Hong Liu , Oleg Pikhurko , Maryam Sharifzadeh

Classes of graphs with bounded expansion are a generalization of both proper minor closed classes and degree bounded classes. Such classes are based on a new invariant, the greatest reduced average density (grad) of G with rank r,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jaroslav Nesetril , Patrice Ossona De Mendez

For an increasing monotone graph property $\mP$ the \emph{local resilience} of a graph $G$ with respect to $\mP$ is the minimal $r$ for which there exists of a subgraph $H\subseteq G$ with all degrees at most $r$ such that the removal of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-02-01 Sonny Ben-Shimon , Michael Krivelevich , Benny Sudakov

We consider a static self-gravitating perfect fluid system in Lovelock gravity theory. For a spacial region on the hypersurface orthogonal to static Killing vector, by the Tolman's law of temperature, the assumption of a fixed total…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-19 Li-Ming Cao , Jianfei Xu

We systematically study a natural problem in extremal graph theory, to minimize the number of edges in a graph with a fixed number of vertices, subject to a certain local condition: each vertex must be in a copy of a fixed graph $H$. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-24 Debsoumya Chakraborti , Po-Shen Loh

In this paper, we prove a variant of the Burger-Brooks transfer principle which, combined with recent eigenvalue bounds for surfaces, allows to obtain upper bounds on the eigenvalues of graphs as a function of their genus. More precisely,…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2016-09-02 Omid Amini , David Cohen-Steiner