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Agents act to bring about a state of the world that is more compatible with their personal or institutional values. To formalise this intuition, the paper proposes an action framework based on the STRIPS formalisation. Technically, the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Adam Wyner , Tomasz Zurek , DOrota Stachura-Zurek

We present what we call the Interpretation Problem, whereby any rule in symbolic form is open to infinite interpretation in ways that we might disapprove of and argue that any attempt to build morality into machines is subject to it. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Cosmin Badea , Gregory Artus

This paper develops a new approach for estimating an interpretable, relational model of a black-box autonomous agent that can plan and act. Our main contributions are a new paradigm for estimating such models using a minimal query interface…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Pulkit Verma , Shashank Rao Marpally , Siddharth Srivastava

Understanding emerging behaviors of reinforcement learning (RL) agents may be difficult since such agents are often trained in complex environments using highly complex decision making procedures. This has given rise to a variety of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Mira Finkelstein , Lucy Liu , Nitsan Levy Schlot , Yoav Kolumbus , David C. Parkes , Jeffrey S. Rosenshein , Sarah Keren

There exist well-developed frameworks for causal modelling, but these require rather a lot of human domain expertise to define causal variables and perform interventions. In order to enable autonomous agents to learn abstract causal models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Taco Cohen

It is often argued that effective human-centered explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) should resemble human reasoning. However, empirical investigations of how concepts from cognitive science can aid the design of XAI are lacking.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Balint Gyevnar , Stephanie Droop , Tadeg Quillien , Shay B. Cohen , Neil R. Bramley , Christopher G. Lucas , Stefano V. Albrecht

The explanation dimension of Artificial Intelligence (AI) based system has been a hot topic for the past years. Different communities have raised concerns about the increasing presence of AI in people's everyday tasks and how it can affect…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Juliana Jansen Ferreira , Mateus Monteiro

Explanation is necessary for humans to understand and accept decisions made by an AI system when the system's goal is known. It is even more important when the AI system makes decisions in multi-agent environments where the human does not…

Large language model (LLM) agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in tool use, reasoning, and code generation, yet single-agent systems exhibit fundamental limitations when confronted with complex research tasks demanding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Aaron Shen , Alfred Shen

Robotic systems are more present in our society everyday. In human-robot environments, it is crucial that end-users may correctly understand their robotic team-partners, in order to collaboratively complete a task. To increase action…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Francisco Cruz , Richard Dazeley , Peter Vamplew , Ithan Moreira

The increase in available computing power and the Deep Learning revolution have allowed the exploration of new topics and frontiers in Artificial Intelligence research. A new field called Embodied Artificial Intelligence, which places at…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Roberto Bigazzi

This paper addresses the critical challenge of mesa-optimization in AI safety by providing a formal definition of agency and a framework for its analysis. Agency is conceptualized as a Continuous Representation of accumulated experience…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Eduard Kapelko

Defining agency is an extremely important challenge for cognitive science and artificial intelligence. Physics generally describes mechanical happenings, but there remains an unbridgeable gap between these and the acts of agents. To discuss…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-09 Yoshiyuki Ohmura , Earnest Kota Carr , Yasuo Kuniyoshi

Artificial intelligence (AI) has huge potential to improve the health and well-being of people, but adoption in clinical practice is still limited. Lack of transparency is identified as one of the main barriers to implementation, as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Aniek F. Markus , Jan A. Kors , Peter R. Rijnbeek

Providing high quality explanations for AI predictions based on machine learning is a challenging and complex task. To work well it requires, among other factors: selecting a proper level of generality/specificity of the explanation;…

Responsible AI has risen to the forefront of the AI research community. As neural network-based learning algorithms continue to permeate real-world applications, the field of Responsible AI has played a large role in ensuring that such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Niko A. Grupen

Aligning AI agents with human values is challenging due to diverse and subjective notions of values. Standard alignment methods often aggregate crowd feedback, which can result in the suppression of unique or minority preferences. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Carter Blair , Kate Larson , Edith Law

Data-driven optimization uses contextual information and machine learning algorithms to find solutions to decision problems with uncertain parameters. While a vast body of work is dedicated to interpreting machine learning models in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Alexandre Forel , Axel Parmentier , Thibaut Vidal

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are a promising path to realizing generalist embodied agents that can quickly adapt to new tasks, modalities, and environments. However, methods for interpreting and steering VLAs fall far short of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Bear Häon , Kaylene Stocking , Ian Chuang , Claire Tomlin

In AI and law, systems that are designed for decision support should be explainable when pursuing justice. In order for these systems to be fair and responsible, they should make correct decisions and make them using a sound and transparent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-17 Cor Steging , Silja Renooij , Bart Verheij