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There has been a growing interest, both in physics and psychology, in understanding contextuality in experimentally observed quantities. Different approaches have been proposed to deal with contextual systems, and a promising one is…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-11-10 J. Acacio de Barros , Janne Kujala , Gary Oas

Do completely unpredictable events exist in nature? Classical theory, being fully deterministic, completely excludes fundamental randomness. On the contrary, quantum theory allows for randomness within its axiomatic structure. Yet, the fact…

There exist several phenomena (systems) breaking the classical probability laws. Such systems are contextual dependent adaptive systems. In this paper, we present a new mathematical formula to compute the probability in those systems by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-25 Masanari Asano , Irina Basieva , Andrei Khrennikov , Masanori Ohya , Ichiro Yamato

Abstract Contextuality is a property of systems of random variables. The identity of a random variable in a system is determined by its joint distribution with all other random variables in the same context. When context changes, a variable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-23 Ehtibar Dzhafarov

What does it take for real-deterministic c-valued (i.e., classical, commuting) variables to comply with the Heisenberg uncertainty principle? Here, we construct a class of real-deterministic c-valued variables out of the weak values…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-23 Agung Budiyono , Hermawan K. Dipojono

In a recent article, Khrennikov claims that a particular theorem about agreement between quantum measurement results poses a problem for the interpretation of quantum mechanics known as QBism. Considering the basic setup of that theorem in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-21 Blake C. Stacey

Contextuality is a key distinguishing feature between classical and quantum physics. It expresses a fundamental obstruction to describing quantum theory using classical concepts. In turn, when understood as a resource for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-17 Markus Frembs

Probabilistic models require the notion of event space for defining a probability measure. An event space has a probability measure which ensues the Kolmogorov axioms. However, the probabilities observed from distinct sources, such as that…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2012-03-13 Massimo Melucci

Contextuality in quantum physics provides a key resource for quantum information and computation. The topological approach in [Abramsky and Brandenburger, New J. Phys., 2011, Abramsky et al., CSL 2015, 2015] characterizes contextuality as…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-03-07 Kohei Kishida

The Contextuality-by-Default (CbD) theory allows one to separate contextuality from context-dependent errors and violations of selective influences (aka "no-signaling" or "no-disturbance" principles). This makes the theory especially…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-08-25 Victor H. Cervantes , Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov

Contextuality is a key feature of quantum mechanics that provides an important non-classical resource for quantum information and computation. Abramsky and Brandenburger used sheaf theory to give a general treatment of contextuality in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-03 Samson Abramsky , Rui Soares Barbosa , Kohei Kishida , Raymond Lal , Shane Mansfield

The Contextuality-by-Default (CbD) theory allows one to separate contextuality from context-dependent errors and violations of selective influences (aka "no-signaling" or "no-disturbance" principles). This makes the theory especially…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-08-25 Ru Zhang , Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov

In classical physics, probabilistic or statistical knowledge has been always related to ignorance or inaccurate subjective knowledge about an actual state of affairs. This idea has been extended to quantum mechanics through a completely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-29 Christian de Ronde

Classical chaos is marked by an extreme sensitivity to initial conditions, where infinitesimally close trajectories separate exponentially over time. In quantum mechanics, however, unitary evolution and the uncertainty principle preclude…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-19 Sanchit Srivastava , Shohini Ghose

Quantum theory expresses the observable relations between physical properties in terms of probabilities that depend on the specific context described by the "state" of a system. However, the laws of physics that emerge at the macroscopic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-06 Holger F. Hofmann

In this paper, following an elementary line of thought which somewhat differs from the usual one, we prove once more that any deterministic theory predictively equivalent to quantum mechanics unavoidably exhibits a contextual character. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 GianCarlo Ghirardi , Karl Wienand

The true dynamical randomness is obtained as a natural fundamental property of deterministic quantum systems. It provides quantum chaos passing to the classical dynamical chaos under the ordinary semiclassical transition, which extends the…

chao-dyn · Physics 2008-02-03 Andrei P. Kirilyuk

Classical statistical average values are generally generalized to average values of quantum mechanics, it is discovered that quantum mechanics is direct generalization of classical statistical mechanics, and we generally deduce both a new…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Y. C. Huang , F. C. Ma , N. Zhang

Spekkens has introduced an epistemically restricted classical theory of discrete systems, based on discrete phase space. The theory manifests a number of quantum-like properties but cannot fully imitate quantum theory because it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-09 William F. Braasch , William K. Wootters

Quantum mechanics can emerge from classical statistics. A typical quantum system describes an isolated subsystem of a classical statistical ensemble with infinitely many classical states. The state of this subsystem can be characterized by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 C. Wetterich
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