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Decomposable Negation Normal Forms (DNNFs) are Boolean circuits in negation normal form where the subcircuits leading into each AND gate are defined on disjoint sets of variables. We prove a strongly exponential lower bound on the size of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-02-20 Simone Bova , Florent Capelli , Stefan Mengel , Friedrich Slivovsky

The one of the most interesting problem of discrete mathematics is the SAT (satisfiability) problem. Good way in SAT solver developing is to transform the SAT problem to the problem of continuous search of global minimums of the functional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-07-13 R. T. Faizullin , I. G. Khnykin , V. I. Dylkeyt

Selman and Kautz's work on ``knowledge compilation'' established how approximation (strengthening and/or weakening) of a propositional knowledge-base can be used to speed up query processing, at the expense of completeness. In this…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-08-14 Kevin Henshall , Peter Schachte , Harald Søndergaard , Leigh Whiting

Given a CNF formula $F$, we present a new algorithm for deciding the satisfiability (SAT) of $F$ and computing all solutions of assignments. The algorithm is based on the concept of \emph{cofactors} known in the literature. This paper is a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-05-09 Madhav Desai , Virendra Sule

We consider bounded width CNF-formulas where the width is measured by popular graph width measures on graphs associated to CNF-formulas. Such restricted graph classes, in particular those of bounded treewidth, have been extensively studied…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Stefan Mengel , Romain Wallon

In this paper, we propose a score-based normalizing flow method called DAG-NF to learn dependencies of input observation data. Inspired by Grad-CAM in computer vision, we use jacobian matrix of output on input as causal relationships and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Xiongren Chen

We investigate parameterizing hard combinatorial problems by the size of the solution set compared to all solution candidates. Our main result is a uniform sampling algorithm for satisfying assignments of 2-CNF formulas that runs in…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-08-04 Jean Cardinal , Jerri Nummenpalo , Emo Welzl

Whether the satisfiability of any formula F of propositional calculus can be determined in polynomial time is an open question. I propose a simple procedure based on some real world mechanisms to tackle this problem. The main result is the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-01-20 Bernd R. Schuh

In recent years, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been utilized for various applications ranging from drug discovery to network design and social networks. In many applications, it is impossible to observe some properties of the graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Moshe Eliasof , Md Shahriar Rahim Siddiqui , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Eldad Haber

Satisfiability (SAT) is a central problem in computer science, and advances in SAT-solving algorithms have a far-reaching impact across many fields. Recent works have proposed quantum SAT solvers based on Grover's algorithm, a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Shang-Wei Lin , Ji-Qing Yan , Yean-Ru Chen , Zhe Hou , David Sanán

NP-Complete problems have an important attribute that if one NP-Complete problem can be solved in polynomial time, all NP-Complete problems will have a polynomial solution. The 3-CNF-SAT problem is a NP-Complete problem and the primary…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-04-07 Belal Qasemi

The unification problem in algebras capable of describing sets has been tackled, directly or indirectly, by many researchers and it finds important applications in various research areas--e.g., deductive databases, theorem proving, static…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Agostino Dovier , Enrico Pontelli , Gianfranco Rossi

By the MAXSAT problem, we are given a set $V$ of $m$ variables and a collection $C$ of $n$ clauses over $V$, i.e., a conjunctive normal form ($\textit{CNF}$) formula. We will seek a truth assignment to maximize the number of satisfied…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yangjun Chen

Here we consider an approach for fast computing the algebraic degree of Boolean functions. It combines fast computing the ANF (known as ANF transform) and thereafter the algebraic degree by using the weight-lexicographic order (WLO) of the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Valentin Bakoev

Qualitative reasoning involves expressing and deriving knowledge based on qualitative terms such as natural language expressions, rather than strict mathematical quantities. Well over 40 qualitative calculi have been proposed so far, mostly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-17 George Baryannis , Ilias Tachmazidis , Sotiris Batsakis , Grigoris Antoniou , Mario Alviano , Emmanuel Papadakis

Recent universal-hashing based approaches to sampling and counting crucially depend on the runtime performance of SAT solvers on formulas expressed as the conjunction of both CNF constraints and variable-width XOR constraints (known as…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-10-18 Jeffrey M. Dudek , Kuldeep S. Meel , Moshe Y. Vardi

In recent years, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable success in tasks such as node classification, link prediction, and graph representation learning. However, they remain susceptible to biases that can arise not only from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Mahdi Tavassoli Kejani , Fadi Dornaika , Charlotte Laclau , Jean-Michel Loubes

The satisfiability problem in real closed fields is decidable. In the context of satisfiability modulo theories, the problem restricted to conjunctive sets of literals, that is, sets of polynomial constraints, is of particular importance.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-11-05 Maximilian Jaroschek , Pablo Federico Dobal , Pascal Fontaine

Linear algebra computations are foundational for neural networks and machine learning, often handled through arrays. While many functional programming languages feature lists and recursion, arrays in linear algebra demand constant-time…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-05-29 David Richter , Timon Böhler , Pascal Weisenburger , Mira Mezini

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have recently led to incredible breakthroughs on a variety of pattern recognition problems. Banks of finite impulse response filters are learned on a hierarchy of layers, each contributing more abstract…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Felipe Petroski Such , Shagan Sah , Miguel Dominguez , Suhas Pillai , Chao Zhang , Andrew Michael , Nathan Cahill , Raymond Ptucha