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Embedding computation in biochemical environments incompatible with traditional electronics is expected to have wide-ranging impact in synthetic biology, medicine, nanofabrication and other fields. Natural biochemical systems are typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Marko Vasic , Cameron Chalk , Austin Luchsinger , Sarfraz Khurshid , David Soloveichik

We introduce a new model of \emph{step} Chemical Reaction Networks (step CRNs), motivated by the step-wise addition of materials in standard lab procedures. Step CRNs have ordered reactants that transform into products via reaction rules…

The Turing completeness of continuous Chemical Reaction Networks (CRNs) states that any computable real function can be computed by a continuous CRN on a finite set of molecular species, possibly restricted to elementary reactions, i.e.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-24 Mathieu Hemery , François Fages

The dynamics of a chemical reaction network (CRN) is often modelled under the assumption of mass action kinetics by a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with polynomial right-hand sides that describe the time evolution of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-01-05 Radek Erban , Hye-Won Kang

Motivation: A Chemical Reaction Network (CRN) is a set of chemical reactions, which can be very complex and difficult to analyze. Indeed, dynamical properties of CRNs can be described by a set of non-linear differential equations that…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Lucia Nasti , Roberta Gori , Paolo Milazzo , Federico Poloni

Molecular computation based on chemical reaction networks (CRNs) has emerged as a promising paradigm for designing programmable biochemical systems. However, the implementation of complex computations still requires excessively large and…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-17 Renlei Jiang , Yuzhen Fan , Di Fan , Chuanhou Gao , Denis Dochain

We investigate a broad family of non weakly reversible stochastically modeled reaction networks (CRN), by looking at their steady-state distributions. Most known results on stationary distributions assume weak reversibility and zero…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-02-20 Linard Hoessly , Christian Mazza

We explore the range of probabilistic behaviours that can be engineered with Chemical Reaction Networks (CRNs). We show that at steady state CRNs are able to "program" any distribution with finite support in $\mathbb{N}^m$, with $m \geq 1$.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-04-25 Luca Cardelli , Marta Kwiatkowska , Luca Laurenti

Some results are presented on how oscillation is inherited by chemical reaction networks (CRNs) when they are built in natural ways from smaller oscillatory networks. The main results describe four important ways in which a CRN can be…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-11-07 Murad Banaji

We present a differentiable formulation of abstract chemical reaction networks (CRNs) that can be trained to solve a variety of computational tasks. Chemical reaction networks are one of the most fundamental computational substrates used by…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2023-02-07 Alexander Mordvintsev , Ettore Randazzo , Eyvind Niklasson

We show that if a chemical reaction network (CRN) admits nondegenerate (resp., linearly stable) oscillation, and we add new reversible reactions involving new species to this CRN, then the new CRN so created also admits nondegenerate…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-06-14 Murad Banaji

Exact results for product-form stationary distributions of Markov chains are of interest in different fields. In stochastic reaction networks (CRNs), stationary distributions are mostly known in special cases where they are of product-form.…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-07 Beatriz Pascual-Escudero , Linard Hoessly

Stochastic evolution of Chemical Reactions Networks (CRNs) over time is usually analysed through solving the Chemical Master Equation (CME) or performing extensive simulations. Analysing stochasticity is often needed, particularly when some…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-09-11 Luca Laurenti , Luca Cardelli , Marta Kwiatkowska

A family of results, referred to as inheritance results, tell us which enlargements of a chemical reaction network (CRN) preserve its capacity for nontrivial behaviours such as multistationarity and oscillation. In this paper, the following…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-02-23 Murad Banaji

Understanding the emergent behavior of chemical reaction networks (CRNs) is a fundamental aspect of biology and its origin from inanimate matter. A closed CRN monotonically tends to thermal equilibrium, but when it is opened to external…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-16 Masanari Shimada , Pegah Behrad , Eric De Giuli

The asymptotic properties of some Markov processes associated to stochastic chemical reaction networks (CRNs) driven by the kinetics of the law of mass action are analyzed. The scaling regime introduced in the paper assumes that the norm of…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-18 Lucie Laurence , Philippe Robert

We derive the nonequilibrium conductance matrix for open stationary Chemical Reaction Networks (CRNs) described by a deterministic mass action kinetic equation. As an illustration, we determine the nonequilibrium conductance matrix of a CRN…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-06-27 Paul Raux , Christophe Goupil , Gatien Verley

Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) provide a convenient language for modelling a broad variety of biological systems. These models are commonly studied with respect to the time series they generate in deterministic or stochastic simulations.…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2019-07-11 Ozan Kahramanoğulları

Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) model the behavior of molecules in a well-mixed system. The emerging field of molecular programming uses CRNs not only as a descriptive tool, but as a programming language for chemical computation.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-09-04 Adam Case , Jack H. Lutz , D. M. Stull

We examine reaction networks (CRNs) through their associated continuous-time Markov processes. Studying the dynamics of such networks is in general hard, both analytically and by simulation. In particular, stationary distributions of…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-03-28 Linard Hoessly