Related papers: Nilpotent elements control the structure of a modu…

Let $R$ be a finite ring and let $M, N$ be two finite left $R$-modules. We present two distinct deterministic algorithms that decide in polynomial time whether or not $M$ and $N$ are isomorphic, and if they are, exhibit an isomorphism. As…

A differential module is a module equipped with a square-zero endomorphism. This structure underpins complexes of modules over rings, as well as differential graded modules over graded rings. We establish lower bounds on the class--a…

A notion of heaps of modules as an affine version of modules over a ring or, more generally, over a truss, is introduced and studied. Basic properties of heaps of modules are derived. Examples arising from geometry (connections, affine…

Idempotent elements play a fundamental role in ring theory, as they encode significant information about the underlying algebraic structure. In this paper, we study idempotent matrices from two perspectives. First, we analyze the partially…

We systematically study those rings whose non-units are a sum of an idempotent and a nilpotent. Some crucial characteristic properties are completely described as well as some structural results for this class of rings are obtained. This…

Among the finitely generated modules over a Noetherian ring R, the semidualizing modules have been singled out due to their particularly nice duality properties. When R is a normal domain, we exhibit a natural inclusion of the set of…

Orthogonal sets of idempotents are used to design sets of unitary matrices, known as constellations, such that the modulus of the determinant of the difference of any two distinct elements is greater than $0$. It is shown that unitary…

Idempotents dominate the structure theory of rings. The Peirce decomposition induced by an idempotent provides a natural environment for defining and classifying new types of rings. This point of view offers a way to unify and to expand the…

Injective modules play an important role in characterizing different classes of rings (e.g. Noetherian rings, semisimple rings). Some semirings have no non-zero injective semimodules (e.g. the semiring of non-negative integers). In this…

We describe rings over which every right module is almost injective. We give a description of rings over which every simple module is a almost projective.

This work concerns the representation theory and cohomology of a finite unipotent supergroup scheme $G$ over a perfect field $k$ of positive characteristic $p\ge 3$. It is proved that an element $x$ in the cohomology of $G$ is nilpotent if…

A ring $R$ is (strongly) 2-nil-clean if every element in $R$ is the sum of two idempotents and a nilpotent (that commute). Fundamental properties of such rings are discussed. Let $R$ be a 2-primal ring. If $R$ is strongly 2-nil-clean, we…

In the building of a finite group of Lie type we consider the incidence relations defined by oppositeness of flags. Such a relation gives rise to a homomorphism of permutation modules (in the defining characteristic) whose image is a simple…

The set of the first Hilbert coefficients of parameter ideals relative to a module--its Chern coefficients--over a local Noetherian ring codes for considerable information about its structure--noteworthy properties such as that of…

The article focuses on four aspects related to the descent algebras of type $A$. They are modular idempotents, higher Lie powers, higher Lie modules and the right ideals of the symmetric group algebras generated by the Solomon's descent…

Let $M$ be G-graded R-module. The idea of a graded weakly primal submodule of $M$, which is a generalization of a graded primal submodule, is introduced and discussed in this paper. Some characteristics and characterizations are assigned to…

Every finite dimensional real representation of a compact real semisimple Lie algebra determines a metric 2-step nilpotent Lie algebra and a corresponding simply connected metric 2-step nilpotent Lie group N. We study the differential…

We describe the primitive central idempotents of the group algebra over a number field of finite monomial groups. We give also a description of the Wedderburn decomposition of the group algebra over a number field for finite strongly…

We give an example of a compact connected Lie group of the lowest rank such that the mod 2 cohomology ring of its classifying space has a nonzero nilpotent element.

The concept of a modular value of an observable of a pre- and post-selected quantum system is introduced. It is similar in form and in some cases has a close connection to the weak value of an observable, but instead of describing an…