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Integrating large language models (LLMs) into embodied AI models is becoming increasingly prevalent. However, existing zero-shot LLM-based Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) agents either encode images as textual scene descriptions,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yue Zhang , Tianyi Ma , Zun Wang , Yanyuan Qiao , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Navigating complex indoor environments requires a deep understanding of the space the robotic agent is acting into to correctly inform the navigation process of the agent towards the goal location. In recent learning-based navigation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Marco Rosano , Antonino Furnari , Luigi Gulino , Corrado Santoro , Giovanni Maria Farinella

Robotic real-world reinforcement learning (RL) with vision-language-action (VLA) models is bottlenecked by sparse, handcrafted rewards and inefficient exploration. We introduce VLAC, a general process reward model built upon InternVL and…

Vision Language Navigation (VLN) typically requires agents to navigate to specified objects or remote regions in unknown scenes by obeying linguistic commands. Such tasks require organizing historical visual observations for linguistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Bolei Chen , Jiaxu Kang , Yifei Wang , Ping Zhong , Qi Wu , Jianxin Wang

Vision-language-action (VLA) models are effective robot action executors, but they remain limited on long-horizon tasks due to the dual burden of extended closed-loop planning and diverse physical operations. We therefore propose…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Zixing Lei , Changxing Liu , Yichen Xiong , Minhao Xiong , Yuanzhuo Ding , Zhipeng Zhang , Weixin Li , Siheng Chen

We consider the problem of Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN). The majority of current methods for VLN are trained end-to-end using either unstructured memory such as LSTM, or using cross-modal attention over the egocentric observations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Georgios Georgakis , Karl Schmeckpeper , Karan Wanchoo , Soham Dan , Eleni Miltsakaki , Dan Roth , Kostas Daniilidis

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at descriptive tasks within images but often struggle with precise object localization, a critical element for reliable visual interpretation. In contrast, traditional object detection models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Jingru Yang , Huan Yu , Yang Jingxin , Chentianye Xu , Yin Biao , Yu Sun , Shengfeng He

Robots must adapt to diverse human instructions and operate safely in unstructured, open-world environments. Recent Vision-Language models (VLMs) offer strong priors for grounding language and perception, but remain difficult to steer for…

Vision-language Navigation (VLN) requires an agent to understand visual observations and language instructions to navigate in unseen environments. Most existing approaches rely on static scene assumptions and struggle to generalize in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xiangchen Liu , Hanghan Zheng , Jeil Jeong , Minsung Yoon , Lin Zhao , Zhide Zhong , Haoang Li , Sung-Eui Yoon

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) has gained significant research interest in recent years due to its potential applications in real-world scenarios. However, existing VLN methods struggle with the issue of spurious associations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Liuyi Wang , Zongtao He , Ronghao Dang , Huiyi Chen , Chengju Liu , Qijun Chen

We propose Bilateral Control-Based Imitation Learning via Vision-Language Fusion for Action Generation (Bi-VLA), a novel framework that extends bilateral control-based imitation learning to handle more than one task within a single model.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Masato Kobayashi , Thanpimon Buamanee

Real-world deployment of Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) agents is constrained by the scarcity of reliable supervision after offline training. While recent adaptation methods attempt to mitigate distribution shifts via…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yongqiang Yu , Xuhui Li , Hazza Mahmood , Jinxing Zhou , Haodong Hong , Longtao Jiang , Zhiqiang Xu , Qi Wu , Xiaojun Chang

Current Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) tasks mainly employ textual instructions to guide agents. However, being inherently abstract, the same textual instruction can be associated with different visual signals, causing severe…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Haodong Hong , Sen Wang , Zi Huang , Qi Wu , Jiajun Liu

Vision and Language Navigation (VLN) requires an agent to navigate to a target location by following natural language instructions. Most of existing works represent a navigation candidate by the feature of the corresponding single view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Dong An , Yuankai Qi , Yan Huang , Qi Wu , Liang Wang , Tieniu Tan

We address vision-language-driven indoor navigation to assist visually impaired individuals in reaching a target location using images and natural language guidance. Traditional navigation systems are ineffective indoors due to the lack of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Xiao Li , Bharat Gandhi , Ming Zhan , Mohit Nehra , Zhicheng Zhang , Yuchen Sun , Meijia Song , Naisheng Zhang , Xi Wang

We present ConVOI, a novel method for autonomous robot navigation in real-world indoor and outdoor environments using Vision Language Models (VLMs). We employ VLMs in two ways: first, we leverage their zero-shot image classification…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models provide a promising paradigm for robot learning by integrating visual perception with language-guided policy learning. However, most existing approaches rely on 2D visual inputs to perform actions in 3D…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yicheng Feng , Wanpeng Zhang , Ye Wang , Hao Luo , Haoqi Yuan , Sipeng Zheng , Zongqing Lu

Navigating towards fully open language goals and exploring open scenes in an intelligent way have always raised significant challenges. Recently, Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities to reason with both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Zecheng Yin , Chonghao Cheng , and Yao Guo , Zhen Li

The world is filled with a wide variety of objects. For robots to be useful, they need the ability to find arbitrary objects described by people. In this paper, we present LeLaN(Learning Language-conditioned Navigation policy), a novel…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Noriaki Hirose , Catherine Glossop , Ajay Sridhar , Dhruv Shah , Oier Mees , Sergey Levine

Learning to navigate in a realistic setting where an agent must rely solely on visual inputs is a challenging task, in part because the lack of position information makes it difficult to provide supervision during training. In this paper,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Lina Mezghani , Sainbayar Sukhbaatar , Arthur Szlam , Armand Joulin , Piotr Bojanowski