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A reader browsing through an online article is highly likely to encounter an advertorial, often without realizing it. Advertorials represent a relatively new marketing strategy where advertisements are deliberately designed to resemble the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Emmanouil Papadogiannakis , Panagiotis Papadopoulos , Nicolas Kourtellis , Evangelos Markatos

Serving as the first touch point for users to the cryptocurrency world, cryptocurrency wallets allow users to manage, receive, and transmit digital assets on blockchain networks and interact with emerging decentralized finance (DeFi)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Xiaohui Hu , Ningyu He , Haoyu Wang

Cryptocurrency is a novel exploration of a form of currency that proposes a decentralized electronic payment scheme based on blockchain technology and cryptographic theory. While cryptocurrency has the security characteristics of being…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Zekai Liu , Xiaoqi Li

We make several contributions that quantify the real-time hash rate and therefore the consensus of a blockchain. We show that by using only the hash value of blocks, we can estimate and measure the hash rate of all miners or individual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-07-04 A. Pinar Ozisik , George Bissias , Brian Levine

Modern blockchains guarantee that submitted transactions will be included eventually; a property formally known as liveness. But financial activity requires transactions to be included in a timely manner. Unfortunately, classical liveness…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-06-27 Elijah Fox , Mallesh Pai , Max Resnick

ASIC cryptocurrency miners are a core component of blockchain infrastructures, directly converting computation and energy into monetary value. Despite their economic importance, their security is rarely evaluated in a structured manner. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Pierre Pouliquen , Hadrien Barral , David Naccache , Thibaut Heckmann , Antoine Houssais

The electricity sector is facing the dual challenge of supporting increasing level of demand electrification while substantially reducing its carbon footprint. Among electricity demands, the energy consumption of cryptocurrency mining data…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-13 Ali Menati , Kiyeob Lee , Le Xie

Blockchains rely on a consensus among participants to achieve decentralization and security. However, reaching consensus in an online, digital world where identities are not tied to physical users is a challenging problem. Proof-of-work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Hjalmar Turesson , Henry M. Kim , Marek Laskowski , Alexandra Roatis

While advertising has become commonplace in today's online interactions, there is a notable dearth of research investigating the extent to which browser fingerprinting is harnessed for user tracking and targeted advertising. Prior studies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Zengrui Liu , Jimmy Dani , Yinzhi Cao , Shujiang Wu , Nitesh Saxena

With the overall momentum of the blockchain industry, crypto-based crimes are becoming more and more prevalent. After committing a crime, the main goal of cybercriminals is to obfuscate the source of the illicit funds in order to convert…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Dan Lin , Jiajing Wu , Qishuang Fu , Yunmei Yu , Kaixin Lin , Zibin Zheng , Shuo Yang

Ad blockers allow users to browse websites without viewing ads. Online news providers that rely on advertising revenue tend to perceive users adoption of ad blockers purely as a threat to revenue. Yet, this perception ignores the…

General Economics · Economics 2021-08-17 Shunyao Yan , Klaus M. Miller , Bernd Skiera

Bitcoin is a decentralised digital currency that serves as an alternative to existing transaction systems based on an external central authority for security. Although Bitcoin has many desirable properties, one of its fundamental…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Georgios Birmpas , Elias Koutsoupias , Philip Lazos , Francisco J. Marmolejo-Cossío

We analyze the value to e-commerce website operators of offering privacy options to users, e.g., of allowing users to opt out of ad targeting. In particular, we assume that site operators have some control over the cost that a privacy…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Joan Feigenbaum , Michael Mitzenmacher , Georgios Zervas

A soft control of the network activity through varying reward in a proof-of-work (PoW) cryptocurrency is reported. Rewards are the necessity to incent the contributors activities (i.e., mining) in order to maintain the PoW network. Contrary…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2014-09-30 Joe Lao

Retargeting ads are increasingly prevalent on the Internet as their effectiveness has been shown to outperform conventional targeted ads. Retargeting ads are not only based on users' interests, but also on their intents, i.e. commercial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-04-18 Minh-Dung Tran , Gergely Acs , Claude Castelluccia

One of the fundamental applications for a practically useful system of money is remuneration. Information pertaining to the amount of compensation awarded to different individuals is often considered sensitive, commanding a certain degree…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-03-14 S. Matthew English , Ehsan Nezhadian

While JavaScript established itself as a cornerstone of the modern web, it also constitutes a major tracking and security vector, thus raising critical privacy and security concerns. In this context, some browser extensions propose to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Romain Fouquet , Pierre Laperdrix , Romain Rouvoy

The rise of ad-blockers is viewed as an economic threat by online publishers, especially those who primarily rely on ad- vertising to support their services. To address this threat, publishers have started retaliating by employing ad-block…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-05-20 Muhammad Haris Mughees , Zhiyun Qian , Zubair Shafiq , Karishma Dash , Pan Hui

Open-access blockchains based on proof-of-work protocols have gained tremendous popularity for their capabilities of providing decentralized tamper-proof ledgers and platforms for data-driven autonomous organization. Nevertheless, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Shaohan Feng , Wenbo Wang , Zehui Xiong , Dusit Niyato , Ping Wang , Shaun Shuxun Wang

With a vast number of items, web-pages, and news to choose from, online services and the customers both benefit tremendously from personalized recommender systems. Such systems however provide great opportunities for targeted…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2015-04-16 Subhashini Krishnasamy , Rajat Sen , Sewoong Oh , Sanjay Shakkottai