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The vertices of a $k$-token graph of a graph $G$ correspond to $k$ indistinguishable tokens placed on $k$ different vertices of $G$. Changing some conditions on both the nature of the tokens and the number of tokens allowed in each vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Xiaodi Song , Cristina Dalfó , Miquel Àngel Fiol , Mercè Mora , Shenggui Zhang

We give a new formula for computing the isospectral reduction of a matrix (and graph) down to a submatrix (or subgraph). Using this, we generalize the notion of isospectral reductions. In addition, we give a procedure for constructing a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-02 Mark Kempton , John Tolbert

Random graphs with a given degree sequence are often constructed using the configuration model, which yields a random multigraph. We may adjust this multigraph by a sequence of switchings, eventually yielding a simple graph. We show that,…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-02-01 Svante Janson

Expander graphs are widely used in communication problems and construction of error correcting codes. In such graphs, information gets through very quickly. Typically, it is not true for social or biological networks, though we may find a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-03-04 Marianna Bolla

Molecular graphs generally contain subgraphs (known as groups) that are identifiable and significant in composition, functionality, geometry, etc. Flat latent representations (node embeddings or graph embeddings) fail to represent, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Daniel T. Chang

Consider a quantum graph consisting of a ring with two attached edges, and assume Kirchhoff-Neumann conditions hold at the internal vertices. Associated to this graph is a Schr\"{o}dinger type operator $L=-\Delta +q(x)$ with Dirichlet…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-08-15 Sergei Avdonin , Julian Edward

The paper deals with the analysis of Burgers' equation on acyclic metric graphs. The main goal is to establish the existence of weak solutions in the $TV$ -- class of regularity. A key point is transmission conditions in vertices obeying…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-03-21 Piotr Bogusław Mucha , Aleksandra Puchalska

We consider metric graphs with a uniform lower bound on the edge lengths but no further restrictions. We discuss how to describe every local self-adjoint Laplace operator on such graphs by boundary conditions in the vertices given by…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-09-28 Daniel Lenz , Carsten Schubert , Ivan Veselić

We derive a message passing method for computing the spectra of locally tree-like networks and an approximation to it that allows us to compute closed-form expressions or fast numerical approximates for the spectral density of random graphs…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-04-19 M. E. J. Newman , Xiao Zhang , Raj Rao Nadakuditi

The aim of this review is to provide an overview of a recent work concerning ``leaky'' quantum graphs described by Hamiltonians given formally by the expression $-\Delta -\alpha \delta (x-\Gamma)$ with a singular attractive interaction…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-01-07 Pavel Exner

We define the independence ratio and the chromatic number for bounded, self-adjoint operators on an L^2-space by extending the definitions for the adjacency matrix of finite graphs. In analogy to the Hoffman bounds for finite graphs, we…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2014-10-07 Christine Bachoc , Evan DeCorte , Fernando Mario de Oliveira Filho , Frank Vallentin

We introduce uniformly vertex-transitive graphs as vertex-transitive graphs satisfying a stronger condition on their automorphism groups, motivated by a problem which arises from a Sinkhorn-type algorithm. We use the derangement graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-03 Simon Schmidt , Chase Vogeli , Moritz Weber

We prove upper and lower bounds for the number of zeroes of linear combinations of Schr\"odinger eigenfunctions on metric (quantum) graphs. These bounds are distinct from both the interval and manifolds. We complement these bounds by giving…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-10-09 Ram Band , Philippe Charron

The purpose of this paper is to make the theory of vertex algebras trivial. We do this by setting up some categorical machinery so that vertex algebras are just ``singular commutative rings'' in a certain category. This makes it easy to…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Richard E. Borcherds

We establish an upper bound on the spectral gap for compact quantum graphs which depends only on the diameter and total number of vertices. This bound is asymptotically sharp for pumpkin chains with number of edges tending to infinity.

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-09 David Borthwick , Livia Corsi , Kenny Jones

Quantum graphs have become in this century a favorite playground for mathematicians, mathematical physicists, and chemists, due to their manifold applications as models of thin structures, as well as presenting sometimes simpler playground…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-06-25 Setenay Akduman , Peter Kuchment

Given a closed, convex and pointed cone K in R^n, we present a result which infers K-irreducibility of sets of K-quasipositive matrices from strong connectedness of certain bipartite digraphs. The matrix-sets are defined via products, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-01-15 Murad Banaji , Andrew Burbanks

A general analytical approach to the statistical description of quantum graph spectra based on the exact periodic orbit expansions of quantum levels is discussed. The exact and approximate expressions obtained in \cite{Anima} for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yu. Dabaghian

This work deals with quantum transport in open quantum graphs. We consider the case of complete graphs on $n$ vertices with an edge removed and attached to two leads, to represent the entrance and exit channels, from where we calculate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-23 Alison A. Silva , D. Bazeia , Fabiano M. Andrade

This is an exposition of results on the existence problem of $\pi_1$-injective immersed and embedded surfaces in graph-manifolds, and also of nonpositively curved metrics on graph-manifolds, obtained by different authors. The results are…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 S. Buyalo , P. Svetlov