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We analytically investigate the effect of a non-centrosymmetric geometry in the optical second harmonic (SH) generation from a particle made of a centrosymmetric material, in the interior of which quadratic optical processes are suppressed.…

Optics · Physics 2019-03-27 Raksha Singla , W. Luis Mochán

We develop a multipolar theory of second-harmonic generation (SHG) by dielectric nanoparticles made of noncentrosymmetric materials with bulk quadratic nonlinearity. We specifically analyze two regimes of optical excitation: illumination by…

We show that spatially structured radiation generates second harmonic in a two-dimensional system even if the system is homogeneous and isotropic. The effect originates from non-locality of electric response to structured electromagnetic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-04-23 A. A. Gunyaga , M. V. Durnev , S. A. Tarasenko

The plasmon-enhanced second harmonic generation in the subwavelength neutral metal cubic nanoparticles is calculated for the first time in the hydrodynamic and cold plasma approximations. The theory is developed that takes into account all…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-02-15 S. V. Fomichev , A. M. Bratkovsky

The second-harmonic generation of 150 nm spherical gold nanoparticles is investigated both experimentally and theoretically. We demonstrate that the interference effects between dipolar and octupolar plasmons can be used as a fingerprint to…

We analyze third-harmonic generation from high-index dielectric nanoparticles and discuss the basic features and multipolar nature of the parametrically generated electromagnetic fields near the Mie-type optical resonances. By combining…

Second harmonic generation is enhanced at the surface lattice resonance in plasmonic nanoparticle arrays. We carried out a parametric investigation on two-dimensional lattices composed of gold nanobars where the centrosymmetry is broken at…

We investigate Second Harmonic Generation from individual silicon nanowires and study the influence of resonant optical modes on the far-field nonlinear emission. We find that the polarization of the Second Harmonic has a size-dependent…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-03-18 Peter R. Wiecha , Arnaud Arbouet , Christian Girard , Thierry Baron , Vincent Paillard

Material systems with lone-pair electrons have long been a treasure trove in the search for large second harmonic generation effects. Revealing the origin of second harmonic generation in nonlinear optical materials can provide theoretical…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-05-13 Fuming Li , Shilie Pan , Zhihua Yang

Second harmonic generation (SHG) is prohibited in centrosymmetric crystals such as silicon or germanium due to the presence of inversion symmetry. However, the structuring of such materials makes it possible to break the inversion symmetry,…

We conduct a theoretical and numerical study on the second-harmonic (SH) optical response of a nano-structured metamaterial composed of a periodic array of inclusions. Both the inclusions and their surrounding matrix are made of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-03-13 Ulises R. Meza , Bernardo S. Mendoza , W. Luis Mochán

We develop a quantitative mathematical theory that offers new perspectives on nonlinear harmonic generation in plasmonic structures arising from symmetry breaking. Focusing on second harmonic generation--the most fundamental process and the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-05-04 Hongyu Liu , Zhi-Qiang Miao , Jingfeng Yao , Chengxun Yuan , Guang-Hui Zheng

Second harmonic generation is a powerful tool directly connected to the symmetry of materials. Phase transitions, lattice rotations or electromagnetic coupling in multiferroic compounds can be revealed by using second harmonic…

Optics · Physics 2010-01-11 Pablo Molina , Mariola O Ramirez , Basilio J. Garcia , Luisa E. Bausa

By combining analytical and numerical approaches, we study resonantly enhanced second-harmonic generation (SHG) by individual high-index dielectric nanoparticles made of centrosymmetric materials. Considering both bulk and surface…

Optics · Physics 2018-01-08 Daria Smirnova , Alexander I. Smirnov , Yuri S. Kivshar

We report on theoretical study of second harmonic generation in graphene. Phenomenological analysis based on symmetry arguments is carried out. It is demontrated, that in ideal graphene samples second harmonic generation is possible only if…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 M. M. Glazov

Monolayers of transition metal dichacogenides show strong second-order nonlinearity and symmetry-driven selection rules from their three-fold lattice symmetry. This process resembles the valley-contrasting selection rules for…

We present a full-wave analytical solution for the problem of second-harmonic generation from spherical nanoparticles. The sources of the second-harmonic radiation are represented through an effective nonlinear polarization. The solution is…

Optics · Physics 2013-04-08 Antonio Capretti , Carlo Forestiere , Luca Dal Negro , Giovanni Miano

Nonlinear processes are often governed by selection rules imposed by the symmetries of the molecular configurations. The most well-known examples include the role of mirror symmetry breaking for the generation of even harmonics, and the…

We study nonlinear effects in two-dimensional photonic metasurfaces supporting topologically-protected helical edge states at the nanoscale. We observe strong third-harmonic generation mediated by optical nonlinearities boosted by…

Second-harmonic emission at a frequency that is twice the laser frequency is an important diagnostic for nonlinear laser-plasma interaction. It is forbidden for centrosymmetric materials such as the bulk of sapphire. The symmetry, however,…

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