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We study the performance of transformers as a function of the number of repetitions of training examples with algorithmically generated datasets. On three problems of mathematics: the greatest common divisor, modular multiplication, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 François Charton , Julia Kempe

Automatic spelling and grammatical correction systems are one of the most widely used tools within natural language applications. In this thesis, we assume the task of error correction as a type of monolingual machine translation where the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Sina Ahmadi

Handwritten mathematical expression recognition is a challenging problem due to the complicated two-dimensional structures, ambiguous handwriting input and variant scales of handwritten math symbols. To settle this problem, we utilize the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-01 Jianshu Zhang , Jun Du , Lirong Dai

Mathematical reasoning is one of the most impressive achievements of human intellect but remains a formidable challenge for artificial intelligence systems. In this work we explore whether modern deep learning architectures can learn to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Samuel Cognolato , Alberto Testolin

When trained on language data, do transformers learn some arbitrary computation that utilizes the full capacity of the architecture or do they learn a simpler, tree-like computation, hypothesized to underlie compositional meaning systems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Shikhar Murty , Pratyusha Sharma , Jacob Andreas , Christopher D. Manning

This paper outlines the use of Transformer networks trained to translate math word problems to equivalent arithmetic expressions in infix, prefix, and postfix notations. We compare results produced by many neural configurations and find…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Kaden Griffith , Jugal Kalita

Multiscale feature hierarchies have been witnessed the success in the computer vision area. This further motivates researchers to design multiscale Transformer for natural language processing, mostly based on the self-attention mechanism.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Bei Li , Tong Zheng , Yi Jing , Chengbo Jiao , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

Recent studies have highlighted the limitations of large language models in mathematical reasoning, particularly their inability to capture the underlying logic. Inspired by meta-learning, we propose that models should acquire not only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Kejie Chen , Lin Wang , Qinghai Zhang , Renjun Xu

Transformer has become ubiquitous due to its dominant performance in various NLP and image processing tasks. However, it lacks understanding of how to generate mathematically grounded uncertainty estimates for transformer architectures.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Karthik Abinav Sankararaman , Sinong Wang , Han Fang

We investigate the integration of a planning mechanism into an encoder-decoder architecture with an explicit alignment for character-level machine translation. We develop a model that plans ahead when it computes alignments between the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-26 Caglar Gulcehre , Francis Dutil , Adam Trischler , Yoshua Bengio

The state of the art in learning meaningful semantic representations of words is the Transformer model and its attention mechanisms. Simply put, the attention mechanisms learn to attend to specific parts of the input dispensing recurrence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Dongsheng Wang , Casper Hansen , Lucas Chaves Lima , Christian Hansen , Maria Maistro , Jakob Grue Simonsen , Christina Lioma

Transformers have proven highly effective across various applications, especially in handling sequential data such as natural languages and time series. However, transformer models often lack clear interpretability, and the success of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Wei Shi , Yuan Cao

Data augmentation methods for Natural Language Processing tasks are explored in recent years, however they are limited and it is hard to capture the diversity on sentence level. Besides, it is not always possible to perform data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-20 M. Şafak Bilici , Mehmet Fatih Amasyali

This work proposes an extensive analysis of the Transformer architecture in the Neural Machine Translation (NMT) setting. Focusing on the encoder-decoder attention mechanism, we prove that attention weights systematically make alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Javier Ferrando , Marta R. Costa-jussà

Humans are excellent at understanding language and vision to accomplish a wide range of tasks. In contrast, creating general instruction-following embodied agents remains a difficult challenge. Prior work that uses pure language-only models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Hao Liu , Lisa Lee , Kimin Lee , Pieter Abbeel

Symbolic regression is the task of identifying a mathematical expression that best fits a provided dataset of input and output values. Due to the richness of the space of mathematical expressions, symbolic regression is generally a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Mojtaba Valipour , Bowen You , Maysum Panju , Ali Ghodsi

This paper proposes a Transformer-based model to generate equations for math word problems. It achieves much better results than RNN models when copy and align mechanisms are not used, and can outperform complex copy and align RNN models.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Yuanliang Meng , Anna Rumshisky

This article proposes a convenient tool for decoding the output of neural networks trained by Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) for handwritten text recognition. We use regular expressions to describe the complex structures…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-03-31 Tobias Strauß , Gundram Leifert , Tobias Grüning , Roger Labahn

Neural machine translation (NMT) systems operate primarily on words (or sub-words), ignoring lower-level patterns of morphology. We present a character-aware decoder designed to capture such patterns when translating into morphologically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Adithya Renduchintala , Pamela Shapiro , Kevin Duh , Philipp Koehn

Despite a growing body of work at the intersection of deep learning and formal languages, there has been relatively little systematic exploration of transformer models for reasoning about typed lambda calculi. This is an interesting area of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Brando Miranda , Avi Shinnar , Vasily Pestun , Barry Trager