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The adoption of machine learning in health care hinges on the transparency of the used algorithms, necessitating the need for explanation methods. However, despite a growing literature on explaining neural networks, no consensus has been…

Bitmap indexes must be compressed to reduce input/output costs and minimize CPU usage. To accelerate logical operations (AND, OR, XOR) over bitmaps, we use techniques based on run-length encoding (RLE), such as Word-Aligned Hybrid (WAH)…

Supervised ranking methods based on bi-encoder or cross-encoder architectures have shown success in multi-stage text ranking tasks, but they require large amounts of relevance judgments as training data. In this work, we propose Listwise…

In the context of natural language processing, representation learning has emerged as a newly active research subject because of its excellent performance in many applications. Learning representations of words is a pioneering study in this…

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) contain rich temporal dynamics that conventional encoding approaches fail to adequately capture. While Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise for EHR modeling, they struggle to reason about sequential…

Automatically learned vector representations of words, also known as "word embeddings", are becoming a basic building block for more and more natural language processing algorithms. There are different ways and tools for constructing word…

In almost all text generation applications, word sequences are constructed in a left-to-right (L2R) or right-to-left (R2L) manner, as natural language sentences are written either L2R or R2L. However, we find that the natural language…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to extract clinical data from electronic health records (EHRs), offering significant improvements in scalability and efficiency for real-world data (RWD) curation in oncology. However, the…

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) have been increasingly used as real-world evidence (RWE) to support the discovery and validation of new drug indications. This paper surveys current approaches to EHR-based drug repurposing, covering data…

Deep learning natural language processing models often use vector word embeddings, such as word2vec or GloVe, to represent words. A discrete sequence of words can be much more easily integrated with downstream neural layers if it is…

Background: Electronic Health Records (EHRs) contain rich information of patients' health history, which usually include both structured and unstructured data. There have been many studies focusing on distilling valuable information from…

Significant methodological strides have been made toward Chest X-ray (CXR) understanding via modern vision-language models (VLMs), demonstrating impressive Visual Question Answering (VQA) and CXR report generation abilities. However,…

Emergency Department (ED) crowding is a worldwide issue that affects the efficiency of hospital management and the quality of patient care. This occurs when the request for an admit ward-bed to receive a patient is delayed until an…

Identifying medication discontinuations in electronic health records (EHRs) is vital for patient safety but is often hindered by information being buried in unstructured notes. This study aims to evaluate the capabilities of advanced…

High-throughput phenotyping, the automated mapping of patient signs and symptoms to standardized ontology concepts, is essential to gaining value from electronic health records (EHR) in the support of precision medicine. Despite…

Objective: To detect and classify features of stigmatizing and biased language in intensive care electronic health records (EHRs) using natural language processing techniques. Materials and Methods: We first created a lexicon and regular…

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) play an important role in the healthcare system. However, their complexity and vast volume pose significant challenges to data interpretation and analysis. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence…

We work on the task of automatically designing a treatment plan from the findings included in the medical certificate written by the dentist. To develop an artificial intelligence system that deals with free-form certificates written by…

Emotion cause identification aims at identifying the potential causes that lead to a certain emotion expression in text. Several techniques including rule based methods and traditional machine learning methods have been proposed to address…

Applying methods in natural language processing on electronic health records (EHR) data is a growing field. Existing corpus and annotation focus on modeling textual features and relation prediction. However, there is a paucity of annotated…