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Hybrid materials, which combine inorganic and molecular components, often exhibit structural flexibility that enables unusual functional responses. Among them, Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) are a promising class for post-lithium battery…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-09-08 J. Cattermull , B. Jagger , S. J. Cassidy , S. Dhir , P. K. Allan , M. Pasta , A. L. Goodwin

A solid ionic conductor with cation conductivity in the interelectrode region is studied. Due to their large size, the anions are considered fixed and form a homogeneous neutralizing electric background. The model can be used to describe…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-07-04 I. Kravtsiv , G. Bokun , M. Holovko , N. Prokopchuk , D. di Caprio

The surface coating of cathodes using insulator films has proven to be a promising method for high-voltage cathode stabilization in Li-ion batteries. However, there is still substantial uncertainty about how these films function,…

The transport and dispersion of multiple species of charged ions are central to many biological and physical processes, including electrokinetic ion separation. However, most theoretical studies of dispersion in channels have focused on…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-04 Thakurdas Mahata , Anirban Chatterjee , Ameeya Kumar Nayak

In this work, we develop an extended uniform potential (UP) model for a membrane nanopore by including two different charging mechanisms of the pore walls, namely by electronic charge and by chemical charge. These two charging mechanisms…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-12-25 L. Zhang , P. M. Biesheuvel , I. I. Ryzhkov

Ionic liquids are promising candidates for novel electrolytes as they possess large electrochemical and thermodynamic stability and offer a high degree of tunability. As purely-ionic electrolyte without neutral solvent they exhibit…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-01-12 Max Schammer , Birger Horstmann , Arnulf Latz

Electrochemical devices often consist of multicomponent electrolyte solutions. Two processes influence the overall dynamics of these devices: the formation of electrical double layers and chemical conversion due to redox reactions. However,…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-06-20 Nathan Jarvey , Filipe Henrique , Ankur Gupta

Diffusion-driven processes are important phenomena of materials science in the field of energy conversion and transmission. During the conversion from chemical energy to electrical energy, the species diffusion is generally linked to the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-02-23 Jay Santoki

Lithium-air batteries have been considered as ultimate solutions for the power source of long-range electrified transportation, but state-of-the-art prototypes still suffer from short cycle life, low efficiency and poor power output. Here,…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2016-03-24 Peng Bai , Martin Z. Bazant

The prospects of phosphorene as an anode material for high performance Li-ion battery was systematically investigated from the first principle calculations and experimental measurements. The diffusion energy barriers of a Li atom moving…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-07-04 Congyan Zhang , George Anderson , Ruchira Ravinath Dharmasena , Gamini Sumanasekera , Ming Yu

Lithium-bismuth bimetallic cells are amongst the best explored liquid metal batteries. A simple and fast quasi-one-dimensional cell voltage model for such devices is presented. The equilibrium cell potential is obtained from a complex…

The identification of alternatives to the Lithium-ion battery architecture remains a crucial priority in the diversification of energy storage technologies. Accompanied by the low reduction potential of $\mathrm{Ca^{2+}/Ca}$, -2.87 V vs.…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-07-29 Wang Lu , Juefan Wang , Gopalakrishnan Sai Gautam , Pieremanuele Canepa

We reformulate and extend porous electrode theory for non-ideal active materials, including those capable of phase transformations. Using principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, we relate the cell voltage, ionic fluxes, and Faradaic…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2012-08-24 Todd R. Ferguson , Martin Z. Bazant

Key to advancing lithium-ion battery technology, and in particular fast charging capabilities, is our ability to follow and understand the dynamic processes occurring in operating materials under realistic conditions, in real time, and on…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-06-28 Alice J. Merryweather , Christoph Schnedermann , Quentin Jacquet , Clare P. Grey , Akshay Rao

We present a coupled continuum formulation for the electrostatic, chemical, thermal and mechanical processes in battery materials. Our treatment applies on the macroscopic scale, at which electrodes can be modelled as porous materials made…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-07-25 Zhenlin Wang , Jason B. Siegel , Krishna Garikipati

Understanding (de)lithiation heterogeneities in battery materials is key to ensuring optimal electrochemical performance and developing better energy storage devices. However, this remains challenging due to the complex three dimensional…

An isothermal porous-electrode model of a discharging lead-acid battery is presented, which includes an extension of concentrated-solution theory that accounts for excluded-volume effects, local pressure variation, and a detailed…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-06-05 Valentin Sulzer , S. Jon Chapman , Colin P. Please , David A. Howey , Charles W. Monroe

Graphite fluoride (CFx) cathodes coupled with lithium anodes yield one of the highest theoretical energy densities (>860 Wh/g) among primary batteries. In practice, the observed discharge voltage (~2.5 V) is significantly lower than…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-07-06 Kevin Leung , Noah B. Schorr , Matthew Mayer , Timothy N. Lambert , Y. Shirley Meng , K. L. Harrison

A nonequilibrium thermodynamic model is presented for the nonisothermal lithium-ion battery cell. Coupling coefficients, all significant for transport of heat, mass, charge and chemical reaction, were used to model profiles of temperature,…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-11-25 Felix Schloms , Øystein Gullbrekken , Signe Kjelstrup

Alchemical transformations showed that perturbation theory can be applied also to changes in the atomic nuclear charges of a molecule. The alchemical path that connects two different chemical species involves the conceptualization of a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-03-27 Giorgio Domenichini