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Industrial control systems (ICSs) increasingly rely on digital technologies vulnerable to cyber attacks. Cyber attackers can infiltrate ICSs and execute malicious actions. Individually, each action seems innocuous. But taken together, they…
The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has intensified security challenges, notably from Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks launched by compromised, resource-constrained devices. Traditional defenses are often…
Even though passwords are the most convenient means of authentication, they bring along themselves the threat of dictionary attacks. Dictionary attacks may be of two kinds: online and offline. While offline dictionary attacks are possible…
Cellular phones, wireless laptops, personal portable devices that supports both voice and data access are all examples of communicating devices that uses wireless communication. Sine TCP/IP (and UDP) is the dominant technology in use in the…
The recently released IEEE 802.15.6 standard specifies several physical (PHY) layers and medium access control (MAC) layer protocols for variety of medical and non-medical applications of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN). The medical…
For network computers to communicate to one another, they need to know one another's IP address and MAC address. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is developed to find the Ethernet address that map to a specific IP address. The source…
With the advent of new IEEE 802.11ax (WiFi 6) devices, enabling security is a priority. Since previous versions were found to have security vulnerabilities, to fix the most common security flaws, the WiFi Protected Access 3 (WPA3) got…
The Model Context Protocol (MCP) plays a crucial role in extending the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by enabling integration with external tools and data sources. However, the standard MCP specification presents significant…
Internet of Things (IoT) have gained popularity in recent times. With an increase in the number of IoT devices, security and privacy vulnerabilities are also increasing. For sensitive domains like healthcare and industrial sectors, such…
IEEE 802.11 is a widely used wireless LAN standard for medium access control. TCP is a prominent transport protocol originally designed for wired networks. TCP treats packet loss as congestion and reduces the data rate. In wireless networks…
Since the emergence of the internet, IPSEC has undergone significant changes due to changes in the type and behavior of users worldwide. IEEE 802.3ad, while considered a key aspect of the IPSEC model, is predictable and can result in…
There are many challenges for Internet of Things (IoT) sensor networks including the lack of robust standards, diverse wireline and wireless connectivity, interoperability, security, and privacy. Addressing these challenges, the Institute…
Communication protocol security is among the most significant challenges of the Internet of Things (IoT) due to the wide variety of hardware and software technologies involved. Moving target defense (MTD) has been adopted as an innovative…
Interconnected embedded devices are increasingly used invarious scenarios, including industrial control, building automation, or emergency communication. As these systems commonly process sensitive information or perform safety critical…
Vehicle-to-Everything communications (V2X) are becoming increasingly popular as a solution for safer roads and better traffic management. One of the essential protocols in V2X is the Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) protocol…
Protocol detection is the process of determining the application layer protocol in the context of network security monitoring, which requires a timely and precise decision to enable protocol-specific deep packet inspection. This task has…
It is known that the exchange of information between web applications is done by means of the SOAP protocol. Securing this protocol is obviously a vital issue for any computer network. However, when it comes to cloud computing systems, the…
In today's world password are mostly used for authentication. This makes them prone to various kinds of attacks like dictionary attacks. A dictionary attack is a method of breaking the password by systematically entering every word in a…
TCP is the De facto standard for connection oriented transport layer protocol, while UDP is the De facto standard for transport layer protocol, which is used with real time traffic for audio and video. Although there have been many attempts…
With the advent of the Internet-of-Things (IoT), vehicular networks and cyber-physical systems, the need for real-time data processing and analysis has emerged as an essential pre-requite for customers' satisfaction. In this direction,…