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Coverage guided fuzzing (CGF) is an effective testing technique which has detected hundreds of thousands of bugs from various software applications. It focuses on maximizing code coverage to reveal more bugs during fuzzing. However, a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Ruixiang Qian , Quanjun Zhang , Chunrong Fang , Lihua Guo

Fuzzing technologies have evolved at a fast pace in recent years, revealing bugs in programs with ever increasing depth and speed. Applications working with complex formats are however more difficult to take on, as inputs need to meet…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Andrea Fioraldi , Daniele Cono D'Elia , Emilio Coppa

Fuzzing consists of repeatedly testing an application with modified, or fuzzed, inputs with the goal of finding security vulnerabilities in input-parsing code. In this paper, we show how to automate the generation of an input grammar…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-01-26 Patrice Godefroid , Hila Peleg , Rishabh Singh

Large Language Models (LLMs) have excelled in various tasks but are still vulnerable to jailbreaking attacks, where attackers create jailbreak prompts to mislead the model to produce harmful or offensive content. Current jailbreak methods…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Xueluan Gong , Mingzhe Li , Yilin Zhang , Fengyuan Ran , Chen Chen , Yanjiao Chen , Qian Wang , Kwok-Yan Lam

Grey-box fuzzing is the lightweight approach of choice for finding bugs in sequential programs. It provides a balance between efficiency and effectiveness by conducting a biased random search over the domain of program inputs using a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Ruijie Meng , George Pîrlea , Abhik Roychoudhury , Ilya Sergey

Despite its effectiveness in uncovering software defects, American Fuzzy Lop (AFL), one of the best grey-box fuzzers, is inefficient when fuzz-testing source-unavailable programs. AFL's binary-only fuzzing mode, QEMU-AFL, is typically 2-5X…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Yaohui Chen , Dongliang Mu , Jun Xu , Zhichuang Sun , Wenbo Shen , Xinyu Xing , Long Lu , Bing Mao

The importance of addressing security vulnerabilities is indisputable, with software becoming crucial in sectors such as national defense and finance. Consequently, The security issues caused by software vulnerabilities cannot be ignored.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Liqun Yang , Chunan Li , Yongxin Qiu , Chaoren Wei , Jian Yang , Hongcheng Guo , Jinxin Ma , Zhoujun Li

Ensuring the correctness of compiler optimizations is critical, but existing fuzzers struggle to test optimizations effectively. First, most fuzzers use optimization pipelines (heuristics-based, fixed sequences of passes) as their harness.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Zitong Zhou , Ben Limpanukorn , Hong Jin Kang , Jiyuan Wang , Yaoxuan Wu , Akos Kiss , Renata Hodovan , Miryung Kim

We present a novel gray-box fuzzing algorithm monitoring executions of instructions converting numerical values to Boolean ones. An important class of such instructions evaluate predicates, e.g., *cmp in LLVM. That alone allows us to infer…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Martin Jonáš , Jan Strejček , Marek Trtík , Lukáš Urban

Generation-based fuzzing produces appropriate test cases according to specifications of input grammars and semantic constraints to test systems and software. However, these specifications require significant manual effort to construct. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Chuyang Chen , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt , Zhiqiang Lin

Greybox fuzzing is the de-facto standard to discover bugs during development. Fuzzers execute many inputs to maximize the amount of reached code. Recently, Directed Greybox Fuzzers (DGFs) propose an alternative strategy that goes beyond…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Han Zheng , Jiayuan Zhang , Yuhang Huang , Zezhong Ren , He Wang , Chunjie Cao , Yuqing Zhang , Flavio Toffalini , Mathias Payer

Fuzzing has been incredibly successful in uncovering bugs and vulnerabilities across diverse software systems. JSON parsers play a vital role in modern software development, and ensuring their reliability is of great importance. This…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Zhiyuan Zhong , Zhezhen Cao , Zhanwei Zhang

Fuzzing is one of the most effective technique to identify potential software vulnerabilities. Most of the fuzzers aim to improve the code coverage, and there is lack of directedness (e.g., fuzz the specified path in a software). In this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Xiaogang Zhu , Shigang Liu , Xian Li , Sheng Wen , Jun Zhang , Camtepe Seyit , Yang Xiang

Fuzzing is an important method to discover vulnerabilities in programs. Despite considerable progress in this area in the past years, measuring and comparing the effectiveness of fuzzers is still an open research question. In software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Philipp Görz , Björn Mathis , Keno Hassler , Emre Güler , Thorsten Holz , Andreas Zeller , Rahul Gopinath

Fuzzing is one of the key techniques for evaluating the robustness of programs against attacks. Fuzzing has to be effective in producing inputs that cover functionality and find vulnerabilities. But it also has to be efficient in producing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Rahul Gopinath , Andreas Zeller

Mutation testing consists of generating test cases that detect faults injected into software (generating mutants) which its original test suite could not. By running such an augmented set of test cases, it may discover actual faults that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Jaekwon Lee , Enrico Viganò , Fabrizio Pastore , Lionel Briand

Mutation-based fuzzing typically uses an initial set of non-crashing seed inputs (a corpus) from which to generate new inputs by mutation. A corpus of potential seeds will often contain thousands of similar inputs. This lack of diversity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Adrian Herrera , Hendra Gunadi , Liam Hayes , Shane Magrath , Felix Friedlander , Maggi Sebastian , Michael Norrish , Antony L. Hosking

Grammar-based fuzzing is a technique used to find software vulnerabilities by injecting well-formed inputs generated following rules that encode application semantics. Most grammar-based fuzzers for network protocols rely on human experts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Samuel Jero , Maria Leonor Pacheco , Dan Goldwasser , Cristina Nita-Rotaru

Information leakage is a class of error that can lead to severe consequences. However unlike other errors, it is rarely explicitly considered during the software testing process. LeakFuzzer advances the state of the art by using a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Daniel Blackwell , Ingolf Becker , David Clark

Firmware fuzzing has gained attention for identifying firmware bugs. However, current approaches often directly integrate fuzzing tools for general software. General software receives input as it encounters I/O functions, but firmware input…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shandian Shen , Wei Zhou , Keming Zhao , Peng Liu , Chung Hwan Kim , Le Guan