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The generalized second law of gravitational thermodynamics is applied to the present era of accelerated expansion of the Universe. In spite of the fact that the entropy of matter and relic gravitational waves inside the event horizon…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 German Izquierdo , Diego Pavon

We review thermodynamic properties of modified gravity theories such as $F(R)$ gravity and $f(T)$ gravity, where $R$ is the scalar curvature and $T$ is the torsion scalar in teleparallelism. In particular, we explore the equivalence between…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-06-22 Kazuharu Bamba

We propose a modified gravity theory by extending the Einstein-Hilbert action with an arbitrary function of the Ricci scalar and the Kretschmann scalar invariants. The resulting modified Friedmann equations for a spatially flat FRW universe…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-29 A. Dehyadegari , A. Sheykhi

We demonstrate that there does exist an equilibrium description of thermodynamics on the apparent horizon in the expanding cosmological background for a wide class of modified gravity theories with the Lagrangian density $f(R, \phi, X)$,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-08-05 Kazuharu Bamba , Chao-Qiang Geng , Shinji Tsujikawa

We investigate the validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics, in the cosmological scenario where dark energy interacts with both dark matter and radiation. Calculating separately the entropy variation for each fluid component…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-07-20 Mubasher Jamil , Emmanuel N. Saridakis , M. R. Setare

Barrow proposed that the area law of the horizon entropy might receive a "fractal correction" $S\propto A^{1+\Delta/2}$ due to quantum gravitational effects, with $0\leqslant \Delta \leqslant 1$ measures the deviation from the standard area…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-14 Sofia Di Gennaro , Hao Xu , Yen Chin Ong

We investigate the validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics in a universe governed by Horava-Lifshitz gravity. Under the equilibrium assumption, that is in the late-time cosmological regime, we calculate separately the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-03-28 Mubasher Jamil , Emmanuel N. Saridakis , M. R. Setare

The Renyi entropy coprises a group of data estimates that sums up the well-known Shannon entropy, acquiring a considerable lot of its properties. It appears as unqualified and restrictive entropy, relative entropy, or common data, and has…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-01 H. R. Fazlollahi

The present work reveals a direct correspondence between modified theories of gravity (cosmology) and entropic cosmology based on the thermodynamics of apparent horizon. It turns out that due to the total differentiable property of entropy,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-01 Shin'ichi Nojiri , Sergei D. Odintsov , Tanmoy Paul , Soumitra SenGupta

We present a study of the generalized second law of thermodynamics in the scope of the f(R,T) theory of gravity, with R and T representing the Ricci scalar and trace of the energy-momentum tensor, respectively. From the energy-momentum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-09 D. Momeni , P. H. R. S. Moraes , R. Myrzakulov

We investigate the validity the generalized second law of thermodynamics in a general braneworld model with curvature correction terms on the brane and in the bulk, respectively. Employing the derived entropy expression associated with the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-06-09 Ahmad Sheykhi , Bin Wang

We study thermodynamics of the apparent horizon in $F(R)$ gravity. In particular, we demonstrate that a $F(R)$ gravity model with realizing a crossing of the phantom divide can satisfy the second law of thermodynamics in the effective…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-28 Kazuharu Bamba , Chao-Qiang Geng

The Friedmann equations of general relativity can be derived from the first law of thermodynamics when the entropy of the apparent horizon of a spatially isotropic universe is given by the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. We point out that if…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-19 James E. Lidsey

The present study is motivated by the study of reference [1], where the generalized second law of thermodynamics has been investigated for a flat FRW universe for two viable models of $f(T)$ gravity. In the present work, we have considered…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-11-22 Rahul Ghosh , Antonio Pasqua , Surajit Chattopadhyay

We investigate the cosmological implications of generalized mass-to-horizon entropy, a two-parameter extension of the standard Bekenstein entropy based on the mass-to-horizon relation. Assuming the entropy balance relation, we derive the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-26 Smeehan S Shameeem , Priyesh K , Krishna P. B , Titus K Mathew

Starting from the Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) theory and using an inverse approach, we construct a general form of the entropy expression associated with the horizon based on the entropic nature of gravity. Using the…

General Physics · Physics 2025-10-17 Ahamd Sheykhi , Leila Liravi

The present work deals with three alternative generalized Bekenstein-Hawking formulation of thermodynamical parameters namely entropy and temperature for the universal thermodynamical system bounded by a horizon in the frame work of…

General Physics · Physics 2017-02-21 Subhajit Saha , Subenoy Chakraborty

Evidence implies that basic laws of thermodynamics must be tested by experiments. In this paper, an experiment is designed to measure the entropy of a system with at least one known (measurable) equation of state, especially the gas…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Bin Zhou

In blackhole physics, the second law of thermodynamics is generally valid whether the blackhole is a static or a non-static one. Considering the universe as a thermodynamical system the second law of blackhole dynamics extends to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-03-14 Nairwita Mazumder , Subenoy Chakraborty

The first part of this paper is a condensed synthesis of the matter presented in several previous ones. It begins with an argumentation showing that the first and second laws of thermodynamics are incompatible with one another if they are…

General Physics · Physics 2010-02-21 Jean-Louis Tane