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Despite tremendous advancements in dialogue systems, stable evaluation still requires human judgments producing notoriously high-variance metrics due to their inherent subjectivity. Moreover, methods and labels in dialogue evaluation are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Sarah E. Finch , James D. Finch , Jinho D. Choi

Task-oriented dialogues often require agents to enact complex, multi-step procedures in order to meet user requests. While large language models have found success automating these dialogues in constrained environments, their widespread…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Julia White , Arushi Raghuvanshi , Yada Pruksachatkun

Dialog systems research has primarily been focused around two main types of applications - task-oriented dialog systems that learn to use clarification to aid in understanding a goal, and open-ended dialog systems that are expected to carry…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Aishwarya Padmakumar , Raymond J. Mooney

Children efficiently acquire language not just by listening, but by interacting with others in their social environment. Conversely, large language models are typically trained with next-word prediction on massive amounts of text. Motivated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Jonas Mayer Martins , Ali Hamza Bashir , Muhammad Rehan Khalid , Lisa Beinborn

Recent advances in large-scale language modeling and generation have enabled the creation of dialogue agents that exhibit human-like responses in a wide range of conversational scenarios spanning a diverse set of tasks, from general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Abraham Sanders , Tomek Strzalkowski , Mei Si , Albert Chang , Deepanshu Dey , Jonas Braasch , Dakuo Wang

Persuasion through conversation has been the focus of much research. Nudging is a popular strategy to influence decision-making in physical and digital settings. However, conversational agents employing "nudging" have not received…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Stephen Pilli , Vivek Nallur

Automatic evaluation metrics are a crucial component of dialog systems research. Standard language evaluation metrics are known to be ineffective for evaluating dialog. As such, recent research has proposed a number of novel,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Yi-Ting Yeh , Maxine Eskenazi , Shikib Mehri

Dialogue act recognition is a fundamental task for an intelligent dialogue system. Previous work models the whole dialog to predict dialog acts, which may bring the noise from unrelated sentences. In this work, we design a hierarchical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Zhigang Dai , Jinhua Fu , Qile Zhu , Hengbin Cui , Xiaolong li , Yuan Qi

Language models are often used as the backbone of modern dialogue systems. These models are pre-trained on large amounts of written fluent language. Repetition is typically penalised when evaluating language model generations. However, it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Aron Molnar , Jaap Jumelet , Mario Giulianelli , Arabella Sinclair

Driven by ongoing improvements in machine learning, chatbots have increasingly grown from experimental interface prototypes to reliable and robust tools for process automation. Building on these advances, companies have identified various…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Alessandro Casadei , Stephan Schlögl , Markus Bergmann

Software development is a cognitively intensive process requiring multitasking, adherence to evolving workflows, and continuous learning. With the rise of large language model (LLM)-based tools, such as conversational agents (CAs), there is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Glaucia Melo , Paulo Alencar , Donald Cowan

Effective human-agent collaboration is increasingly prevalent in real-world applications. Current trends in such collaborations are predominantly unidirectional, with users providing instructions or posing questions to agents, where agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Emre Can Acikgoz , Jinoh Oh , Jie Hao , Joo Hyuk Jeon , Heng Ji , Dilek Hakkani-Tür , Gokhan Tur , Xiang Li , Chengyuan Ma , Xing Fan

In multi-turn dialog, utterances do not always take the full form of sentences \cite{Carbonell1983DiscoursePA}, which naturally makes understanding the dialog context more difficult. However, it is essential to fully grasp the dialog…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Xiuying Chen , Zhi Cui , Jiayi Zhang , Chen Wei , Jianwei Cui , Bin Wang , Dongyan Zhao , Rui Yan

Building a socially intelligent agent involves many challenges, one of which is to teach the agent to speak guided by its value like a human. However, value-driven chatbots are still understudied in the area of dialogue systems. Most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Liang Qiu , Yizhou Zhao , Jinchao Li , Pan Lu , Baolin Peng , Jianfeng Gao , Song-Chun Zhu

Behavioral interview evaluation using large language models presents unique challenges that require structured assessment, realistic interviewer behavior simulation, and pedagogical value for candidate training. We investigate chain of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Kewen Zhu , Zixi Liu , Yanjing Li

Communicating in natural language is a powerful tool in multi-agent settings, as it enables independent agents to share information in partially observable settings and allows zero-shot coordination with humans. However, most prior works…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Bidipta Sarkar , Warren Xia , C. Karen Liu , Dorsa Sadigh

We investigate the impact of search strategies in neural dialogue modeling. We first compare two standard search algorithms, greedy and beam search, as well as our newly proposed iterative beam search which produces a more diverse set of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Ilia Kulikov , Alexander H. Miller , Kyunghyun Cho , Jason Weston

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a popular interface for human-AI interaction, supporting information seeking and task assistance through natural, multi-turn dialogue. To respond to users within multi-turn dialogues, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Fengran Mo , Yifan Gao , Sha Li , Hansi Zeng , Xin Liu , Zhaoxuan Tan , Xian Li , Jianshu Chen , Dakuo Wang , Meng Jiang

Evaluating the conversational abilities of large language models (LLMs) remains a challenging task. Current mainstream approaches primarily rely on the "LLM-as-a-judge" paradigm, where an LLM is prompted to serve as an evaluator to assess…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Yuqi Tang , Kehua Feng , Yunfeng Wang , Zhiwen Chen , Chengfei Lv , Gang Yu , Qiang Zhang , Keyan Ding , Huajun Chen

An important step towards enabling English language learners to improve their conversational speaking proficiency involves automated scoring of multiple aspects of interactional competence and subsequent targeted feedback. This paper builds…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Vikram Ramanarayanan , Matthew Mulholland , Debanjan Ghosh