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We investigate the gravitational production of a scalar field $\chi$ with a mass exceeding the Hubble scale during inflation $m_\chi \gtrsim H_I$, employing both analytical and numerical approaches. We demonstrate that the steepest descent…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-05-24 Davide Racco , Sarunas Verner , Wei Xue

We discuss the gravitational creation of superheavy particles $\chi$ in an inflationary scenario with a quartic potential and a non-minimal coupling between the inflaton $\varphi$ and the Ricci curvature: $\xi \varphi^2 R/2$. We show that…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-10-14 E. Babichev , D. Gorbunov , S. Ramazanov , L. Reverberi

Analytic and numerical techniques are presented for computing gravitational production of scalar particles in the limit that the inflaton mass is much larger than the Hubble expansion rate at the end of inflation. These techniques rely upon…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-12-08 Edward E. Basso , Daniel J. H. Chung

A theory of gravitational production of light scalar particles during and after inflation is investigated. We show that in the most interesting cases where long-wavelength fluctuations of light scalar fields can be generated during…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 Gary Felder , Lev Kofman , Andrei Linde

We consider the cosmological production of fermionic dark matter during inflation and a post-inflationary radiation dominated era. This fermion \emph{only interacts gravitationally}, has a mass $m$ much smaller than the Hubble scale during…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-23 Nathan Herring , Daniel Boyanovsky

We study the gravitational production of heavy X-particles of mass of the order of the inflaton mass, produced after the end of inflation. We find that, in the presence of a derivative coupling of the inflaton field or of the X-field to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-16 George Koutsoumbas , Konstantinos Ntrekis , Eleftherios Papantonopoulos

Particle creation during inflation is considered. It could be important for species whose interaction is of gravitational strength or weaker. A complete but economical formalism is given for spin-zero and spin-half particles, and the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-08-25 David H. Lyth , David Roberts

We show that a quadratic $U(1)$-breaking term, together with an effective chemical potential induced by a dimension five derivative coupling between the inflaton and the $U(1)$ current, can drive efficient particle production during…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-03 Qi Chen , Yuan Yin

Cosmological gravitational particle production (GPP) is a generic mechanism by which particles are produced during the inflationary epoch. In this work we consider the GPP of massive scalars in an effort to fully understand the spectrum of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-01-13 Leah Jenks , Edward W. Kolb , Keyer Thyme

We calculate analytically and numerically the production of superheavy dark matter (X) when it is coupled to the inflaton field \phi within the context of a slow-roll m_\phi^2 \phi^2/2 inflationary model with coupling g^2 X^2 \phi^2/2. We…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 Daniel J. H. Chung

In the purely gravitational dark matter scenario, the dark matter particle does not have any interaction except for gravitational one. We study the gravitational particle production of dark matter particle in such a minimal setup and show…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-10-17 Yohei Ema , Kazunori Nakayama , Yong Tang

We investigate the gravitational particle production from vacuum for a minimally coupled fermionic spectator field during a single-field inflationary phase. We observe that metric perturbations arising from the quantum fluctuations of a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-04 Alessio Belfiglio , Orlando Luongo

We compute numerically the reheating temperature due to the gravitational production of conformally coupled superheavy particles during the phase transition from the end of inflation to the beginning of kination in two different…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-10 Llibert Aresté Saló , Jaume de Haro

We revisit the gravitational production of massive Dirac fermions in inflationary cosmology with a focus on clarifying the analytic computation of the particle number density in both the large and the small mass regimes. For the case in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Daniel J. H. Chung , Lisa L. Everett , Hojin Yoo , Peng Zhou

We present for smooth non-oscillating backgrounds an analytic formula which calculates the energy density of massive and massless particles created via gravitational particle production, thus giving the corresponding reheating temperature.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-09 Jaume de Haro , Llibert Aresté Saló

We study the gravitational production of spectator massless vector particles in a single-field inflationary scenario, and the related entanglement generation across the Hubble horizon. Accordingly, we consider a quasi-de Sitter background…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-07 Alessio Belfiglio , Mattia Dubbini , Orlando Luongo

All species of (non-conformally-coupled) particles are produced during inflation so long as their mass $M$ is not too much larger than $H$, the expansion rate during inflation. It has been shown that if a particle species that is normally…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-05 Michael A. Fedderke , Edward W. Kolb , Mark Wyman

We compute the gravitational production of conformally coupled superheavy particles during the phase transition from the end of inflation to the beginning of kination for $\alpha$-attractors potentials in the context of Quintessential…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-28 Llibert Aresté Saló , Jaume de Haro

We calculate the number density and the energy density of a massive scalar particle conformally coupled to gravity produced by gravitational particle creation in the case the kination stage follows inflation. In this model, mode functions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-01-16 Soichiro Hashiba , Jun'ichi Yokoyama

The dark matter in the universe can be in the form of a superheavy matter species (WIMPZILLA). Several mechanisms have been proposed for the production of WIMPZILLA particles during or immediately following the inflationary epoch. Perhaps…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Daniel J. H. Chung , Patrick Crotty , Edward W. Kolb , Antonio Riotto
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