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Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) require high throughput hardware accelerators for real time applications owing to their huge computational cost. Most traditional CNN accelerators rely on single core, linear processing elements (PEs) in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Mahmood Azhar Qureshi , Arslan Munir

This paper presents a configurable Convolutional Neural Network Accelerator (CNNA) for a System on Chip design (SoC). The goal was to accelerate inference of different deep learning networks on an embedded SoC platform. The presented CNNA…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Kim Bjerge , Jonathan Horsted Schougaard , Daniel Ejnar Larsen

Transformer neural networks (TNN) excel in natural language processing (NLP), machine translation, and computer vision (CV) without relying on recurrent or convolutional layers. However, they have high computational and memory demands,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Ehsan Kabir , Jason D. Bakos , David Andrews , Miaoqing Huang

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have demonstrated their effectiveness in numerous vision tasks. However, their high processing requirements necessitate efficient hardware acceleration to meet the application's performance targets. In…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Petros Toupas , Zhewen Yu , Christos-Savvas Bouganis , Dimitrios Tzovaras

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known for their inability to utilize underlying hardware resources due to hardware susceptibility to sparse activations and weights. Even in finer granularities, many of the non-zero values hold a portion of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-21 Gil Shomron , Uri Weiser

Recently, accelerators for extremely quantized deep neural network (DNN) inference with operand widths as low as 1-bit have gained popularity due to their ability to largely cut down energy cost per inference. In this paper, a flexible SoC…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Maarten Molendijk , Floran de Putter , Manil Gomony , Pekka Jääskeläinen , Henk Corporaal

The rapid adoption of low-precision arithmetic in artificial intelligence and edge computing has created a strong demand for energy-efficient and flexible floating-point multiply-accumulate (MAC) units. This paper presents a dual-precision…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Shubham Kumar , Vijay Pratap Sharma , Vaibhav Neema , Santosh Kumar Vishvakarma

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a biologically inspired foundation for low-power, event-driven intelligence, yet their direct on-chip supervised training remains a key hardware challenge. This paper presents a multiplication-free,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Maryam Mirsadeghi , Mojtaba Mirbagheri , Saeed Reza Kheradpisheh

Achieving high compute utilization across a wide range of AI workloads is crucial for the efficiency of versatile DNN accelerators. This paper presents the Voltra chip and its utilization-optimised DNN accelerator architecture, which…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Xiaoling Yi , Ryan Antonio , Yunhao Deng , Fanchen Kong , Joren Dumoulin , Jun Yin , Marian Verhelst

The fast proliferation of extreme-edge applications using Deep Learning (DL) based algorithms required dedicated hardware to satisfy extreme-edge applications' latency, throughput, and precision requirements. While inference is achievable…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Yvan Tortorella , Luca Bertaccini , Davide Rossi , Luca Benini , Francesco Conti

Power-of-two (PoT) quantization significantly reduces the size of deep neural networks (DNNs) and replaces multiplications with bit-shift operations for inference. Prior work has shown that PoT-quantized DNNs can preserve accuracy for tasks…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Rappy Saha , Jude Haris , Nicolas Bohm Agostini , David Kaeli , José Cano

Spiking Neural Network (SNN) inference has a clear potential for high energy efficiency as computation is triggered by events. However, the inherent sparsity of events poses challenges for conventional computing systems, driving the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Simone Manoni , Paul Scheffler , Luca Zanatta , Andrea Acquaviva , Luca Benini , Andrea Bartolini

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are a promising paradigm for efficient event-driven processing of spatio-temporally sparse data streams. SNNs have inspired the design and can take advantage of the emerging class of neuromorphic processors…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-01-13 Bodo Rueckauer , Connor Bybee , Ralf Goettsche , Yashwardhan Singh , Joyesh Mishra , Andreas Wild

The effectiveness of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) for tasks such as Automatic Speech Recognition has fostered interest in RNN inference acceleration. Due to the recurrent nature and data dependencies of RNN computations, prior work has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Reza Yazdani , Olatunji Ruwase , Minjia Zhang , Yuxiong He , Jose-Maria Arnau , Antonio Gonzalez

In-network computation has been widely used to accelerate data-intensive distributed applications. Some computational tasks, traditional performed on servers, are offloaded to the network (i.e. programmable switches). However, the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Penglai Cui , Heng Pan , Zhenyu Li , Jiaoren Wu , Shengzhuo Zhang , Xingwu Yang , Hongtao Guan , Gaogang Xie

As distributed model training scales to span hundreds of thousands of GPUs, scale-out networks face unprecedented performance and efficiency demands. NVIDIA Spectrum-X Ethernet has been designed from the ground up to achieve predictable and…

The increasing demand for on-device training of deep neural networks (DNNs) aims to leverage personal data for high-performance applications while addressing privacy concerns and reducing communication latency. However, resource-constrained…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Jinming Lu , Jiayi Tian , Hai Li , Ian Young , Zheng Zhang

Massive MIMO systems have the potential to significantly enhance spectral efficiency, yet their widespread integration is hindered by the high power consumption of the underlying computations. This paper explores the applicability and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-09 Mikael Rinkinen , Mehdi Safarpour , Shahriar Shahabuddin , Olli Silven , Lauri Koskinen

Enabling On-Device Learning (ODL) for Ultra-Low-Power Micro-Controller Units (MCUs) is a key step for post-deployment adaptation and fine-tuning of Deep Neural Network (DNN) models in future TinyML applications. This paper tackles this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Davide Nadalini , Manuele Rusci , Luca Benini , Francesco Conti

Deep neural networks (DNN) have become significant applications in both cloud-server and edge devices. Meanwhile, the growing number of DNNs on those platforms raises the need to execute multiple DNNs on the same device. This paper proposes…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Midia Reshadi , David Gregg