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High precision spectrographs might exhibit temporal variations of their reference velocity or nightly zero point (NZP). One way to monitor the NZP is to measure bright stars, which are assumed to have an intrinsic radial velocity variation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-17 S. Grouffal , A. Santerne , N. C. Hara , I. Boisse , S. Coez , N. Heidari , S. Sulis

Radial velocities (RVs) measured from high-resolution stellar spectra are routinely used to detect and characterise orbiting exoplanet companions. The different lines present in stellar spectra are created by several species, which are…

Accurate radial velocities ($v_{\rm rad}$) of Cepheids are mandatory within the context of distance measurements via the Baade-Wesselink technique. The most common $v_{\rm rad}$ derivation method consists in cross-correlating the observed…

The Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST) spectroscopic survey plans to deliver high-quality low-resolution ($R > 200$) slitless spectra for hundreds of millions of targets down to a limiting magnitude of about 21 mag, covering a large…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-02 Yang Sun , Dingshan Deng , Haibo Yuan

Radial velocity (RV) searches for Earth-mass exoplanets in the habitable zone around Sun-like stars are limited by the effects of stellar variability on the host star. In particular, suppression of convective blueshift and brightness…

We examine the eccentricity distribution(s) of radial velocity detected exoplanets. Previously, the eccentricity distribution was found to be described well by a Beta distribution with shape parameters $a=0.867, b=3.03$. Increasing the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-16 A. T. Stevenson , C. A. Haswell , J. P. Faria , J. R. Barnes , J. K. Barstow , H. Dickinson , M. R. Standing

Kinetic Sunyaev Zel'dovich (kSZ) tomography provides a powerful probe of the radial velocity field of matter in the Universe. By cross-correlating a high resolution CMB experiment like CMB S4 and a galaxy survey like DESI or LSST, one can…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-16 Moritz Münchmeyer , Mathew S. Madhavacheril , Simone Ferraro , Matthew C. Johnson , Kendrick M. Smith

The star formation rate (SFR) is one of the most fundamental parameters of galaxies, but nearly all of the standard SFR diagnostics are difficult to measure in active galaxies because of contamination from the active galactic nucleus (AGN).…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-08-21 Ming-Yang Zhuang , Luis C. Ho , Jinyi Shangguan

The radial velocity signature of stellar noise is small, around the meter-per-second, but already too much for the detection of Earth mass planets in habitable zones. In this paper, we address the important role played by observational…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Xavier Dumusque , Stephane Udry , Christophe Lovis , Nuno C. Santos , Mario J. F. P. G. Monteiro

Inferring the star formation rates (SFR) in high redshift galaxies remains challenging, owing to observational limitations or uncertainties in calibration methods that link luminosities to SFRs. We utilize two state-of-the-art…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-07 D. Ismail , K. Kraljic , M. Béthermin , A. U. Kapoor , F. Renaud , C. Accard , J. Freundlich , Y. Dubois , S. Han , J. K. Jang , S. Jeon , T. Kimm , J. Rhee , S. Yi

Aims. The goal of our survey is to provide accurate and multi-epoch radial velocities, atmospheric parameters (Teff, log g and [M/H]), distances and space velocities of faint Red Clump stars. Methods. We recorded high signal-to-noise (S/N…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-20 T. Saguner , U. Munari , M. Fiorucci , A. Vallenari

Improving distance measurements in large imaging surveys is a major challenge to better reveal the distribution of galaxies on a large scale and to link galaxy properties with their environments. Photometric redshifts can be efficiently…

We use 1169 Pan-STARRS supernovae (SNe) and 195 low-$z$ ($z < 0.1$) SNe Ia to measure cosmological parameters. Though most Pan-STARRS SNe lack spectroscopic classifications, in a previous paper (I) we demonstrated that photometrically…

Starting with the spherical Jeans equation, we show that there exists a radius where the mass enclosed depends only on the projected tangential velocity dispersion, assuming that the anisotropy profile slowly varies. This is…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-03-25 Alexandres Lazar , James S. Bullock

Photometric redshift estimation is an indispensable tool of precision cosmology. One problem that plagues the use of this tool in the era of large-scale sky surveys is that the bright galaxies that are selected for spectroscopic observation…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-18 Peter E. Freeman , Rafael Izbicki , Ann B. Lee

During the next closest approach of the orbiting star S2/S0-2 to the Galactic supermassive black hole (SMBH), it is estimated that RV uncertainties of ~ 10 km/s allow us to detect post-Newtonian effects throughout 2018. To evaluate an…

The Red-Sequence Cluster Survey (RCS) is a 100 deg^2 galaxy cluster survey designed to provide a large sample of optically selected clusters of galaxies with redshifts 0.1<z<1.4. The survey data are also useful for a variety of lensing…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Henk Hoekstra , H. K. C. Yee , Michael D. Gladders

The upcoming Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST) slitless spectroscopic survey poses a challenge of flux calibration, which requires a large number of flux-standard stars. In this work, we design an uncertainty-aware residual attention…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-25 Lin Yang , Haibo Yuan , Fuqing Duan , Ruoyi Zhang , Bowen Huang , Kai Xiao , Shuai Xu , Jinming Zhang

We seek to update the spectroscopy binary fraction of the SACY (Search for Associations Containing Young stars) sample taking in consideration all possible biases in our identification of binary candidates, such as activity and rotation.…

We present measurements of the velocity dispersion profile (VDP) for galaxy groups in the final data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). For groups of given mass we estimate the redshift-space cross-correlation function (CCF)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Cheng Li , Y. P. Jing , Shude Mao , Jiaxin Han , Qiuying Peng , Xiaohu Yang , H. J. Mo , Frank van den Bosch