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Determining the conditions under which positive operator-valued measures (POVMs), the most general class of quantum measurements, outperform projective measurements remains a challenging and largely unresolved problem. Of particular…

Self-testing is a powerful method for certifying quantum systems. Initially proposed in the device-independent (DI) setting, self-testing has since been relaxed to the semi-device-independent (semi-DI) setting. In this study, we focus on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Gábor Drótos , Károly F. Pál , Tamás Vértesi

Quantum measurements on a two-level system can have more than two independent outcomes, and in this case, the measurement cannot be projective. Measurements of this general type are essential to an operational approach to quantum theory,…

The goal of self-testing is to characterize an a priori unknown quantum system based solely on measurement statistics, i.e. using an uncharacterized measurement device. Here we develop self-testing methods for quantum prepare-and-measure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-10 Armin Tavakoli , Jędrzej Kaniewski , Tamás Vértesi , Denis Rosset , Nicolas Brunner

In recent times, device-independent certification of quantum states has been one of the intensively studied areas in quantum information. However, all such schemes utilise projective measurements which are practically difficult to generate.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-06 Shubhayan Sarkar

Self-testing is a promising approach to certifying quantum states or measurements. Originally, it relied solely on the outcome statistics of the measurements involved in a device-independent (DI) setup. Extra physical assumptions about the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-14 Gábor Drótos , Károly F. Pál , Abdelmalek Taoutioui , Tamás Vértesi

Self-testing is the strongest form of quantum functionality verification which allows a classical user to deduce the quantum state and measurements used to produce measurement statistics. While self-testing of quantum states is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-06 Ranyiliu Chen , Laura Mančinska , Jurij Volčič

It is important problem to clarify the class of implementable quantum measurements from both fundamental and applicable viewpoints. Positive-Operator-Valued Measure (POVM) measurements are implementable by the indirect measurement methods,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-07 Hayato Arai , Masahito Hayashi

We consider the problem of certification of arbitrary ensembles of pure states and projective measurements solely from the experimental statistics in the prepare-and-measure scenario assuming the upper bound on the dimension of the Hilbert…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-07 Nikolai Miklin , Michał Oszmaniec

Recently, a novel framework for semi-device-independent quantum prepare-and-measure protocols has been proposed, based on the assumption of a limited distinguishability between the prepared quantum states. Here, we discuss the problem of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-11 Weixu Shi , Yu Cai , Jonatan Bohr Brask , Hugo Zbinden , Nicolas Brunner

Standard quantum measurements are projective. However, the full scope of quantum measurements is represented by positive operator-valued measures (POVMs) and many of these break the limitations of projective measurements as resources in…

The onset of the era of fully-programmable error-corrected quantum computers will be marked by major breakthroughs in all areas of science and engineering. These devices promise to have significant technological and societal impact, notable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-22 Kishor Bharti , Maharshi Ray , Antonios Varvitsiotis , Adán Cabello , Leong-Chuan Kwek

Self-testing refers to the fact that, in some quantum devices, both states and measurements can be assessed in a black-box scenario, on the sole basis of the observed statistics, i.e. without reference to any prior device calibration. Only…

We present a device-independent (DI) self-testing protocol in a constrained prepare-measure scenario, based on the $n-$bit parity-oblivious multiplexing (POM) task. In this scenario, a parity-oblivious constraint is imposed on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-27 Ritesh K. Singh , Souradeep Sasmal , S. Nautiyal , A. K. Pan

In the device-independent scenario, positive operator-valued measurements (POVMs) can certify more randomness than projective measurements. This paper self-tests a three-outcome extremal qubit POVM in the X-Z plane of the Bloch sphere by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-17 Wenjie Wang , Mengyan Li , Fenzhuo Guo , Yukun Wang , Fei Gao

Certifying that quantum devices behave as intended is crucial for quantum information science. Here, methods are developed for certification of both state preparation devices and measurement devices based on prepare-and-measure experiments…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-07 Armin Tavakoli

In this work we study the phenomenon of self-testing from the first principles, aiming to place this versatile concept on a rigorous mathematical footing. Self-testing allows a classical verifier to infer a quantum mechanical description of…

Non-projective measurements play a crucial role in various information-processing protocols. In this work, we propose an operational task to identify measurements that are neither projective nor classical post-processing of data obtained…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Sumit Rout , Some Sankar Bhattacharya , Paweł Horodecki

Among certification techniques, those based on the violation of Bell inequalities are appealing because they do not require assumptions on the underlying Hilbert space dimension and on the accuracy of calibration methods. Such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-20 Sebastian Wagner , Jean-Daniel Bancal , Nicolas Sangouard , Pavel Sekatski

Self-testing is a method to infer the underlying physics of a quantum experiment in a black box scenario. As such it represents the strongest form of certification for quantum systems. In recent years a considerable self-testing literature…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-07 Ivan Šupić , Joseph Bowles
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