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Characterising the input-output photon-number distribution of an unknown optical quantum channel is an important task for many applications in quantum information processing. Ideally, this would require deterministic photon-number sources…
A treatment of direct simulation Monte Carlo method (DSMC) as a Markov process with a master equation is given and the corresponding master equation is derived. A hierarchy of equations for the reduced probability distributions is derived…
Monte Carlo calculations using the codes PENELOPE and GEANT4 have been performed to characterize the dosimetric properties of monoenergetic photon point sources in water. The dose rate in water has been calculated for energies of interest…
We study electromagnetic form factors of protons in proton-nucleus scattering via analysing of experimental cross-sections of accompanying bremsstrahlung photons. A new bremsstrahlung model for proton-nucleus scattering is developed, where…
Dynamic optical coherence tomography (DOCT) enables label-free functional imaging by capturing temporal OCT signal variations caused by intracellular and intratissue motions. However, the relationship between DOCT signals and the sample…
This work presents a high-resolution X-ray microtomography system that uses commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) CMOS image sensors as direct detectors, relying on the sensor s intrinsic resolution to achieve tomographic reconstructions without…
Scalable photonic quantum technologies require on-demand single-photon sources with simultaneously high levels of purity, indistinguishability, and efficiency. These key features, however, have only been demonstrated separately in previous…
Score-based diffusion models are a recently developed framework for posterior sampling in Bayesian inverse problems with a state-of-the-art performance for severely ill-posed problems by leveraging a powerful prior distribution learned from…
For understanding the biological effects of neutrons, predictions of the secondary charged particle distributions by neutron irradiation are needed in biophysical models. We have performed detailed Monte-Carlo simulations using the PHITS…
The transport of charged particles or photons in a scattering medium can be modelled with a Boltzmann equation. The mathematical treatment for scattering in such scenarios is often simplified if evaluated in a frame where the scattering…
Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) utilises near-infrared light for imaging spatially distributed optical parameters, typically the absorption and scattering coefficients. The image reconstruction problem of DOT is an ill-posed inverse…
While two-photon Hong-Ou-Mandel interference visibility has become a standard metric for single-photon sources, many optical quantum technologies require the generation and manipulation of larger photonic states. To date, efficiency…
We report on the simultaneous and localized measurements of the diffusion coefficient and flow velocity based on the normalized autocorrelation function using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Our results on a flowing solution of…
We present the results of self-consistent models of Compton-heated accretion disk coronae. The models are calculated using a new method for computing monochromatic radiative transfer in two-dimensions. The method splits the radiation into…
The numerical treatment of fluid-particle systems is a very challenging problem because of the complex coupling phenomena occurring between the two phases. Although accurate mathematical modelling is available to address this kind of…
The lattice Boltzmann method can be used to simulate flow through porous media with full geometrical resolution. With such a direct numerical simulation, it becomes possible to study fundamental effects which are difficult to assess either…
Proton computed tomography (pCT) is a novel medical imaging modality for mapping the distribution of proton relative stopping power (RSP) in medical objects of interest. Compared to conventional X-ray computed tomography, where range…
The development of practical sensors for optical coherence tomography (OCT) with undetected photons requires miniaturization via integration. To be practical, these sensors must exhibit a large spectral bandwidth and a high brightness,…
Low-dose computed tomography (CT) plays a significant role in reducing the radiation risk in clinical applications. However, lowering the radiation dose will significantly degrade the image quality. With the rapid development and wide…
We demonstrate how boson sampling with photons of partial distinguishability can be expressed in terms of interference of fewer photons. We use this observation to propose a classical algorithm to simulate the output of a boson sampler fed…