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Radiotherapy (RT) is a critical cancer treatment, with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) being a commonly used technique that enhances dose conformity by dynamically adjusting multileaf collimator (MLC) positions and monitor units…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-06-26 Stefanos Achlatis , Efstratios Gavves , Jan-Jakob Sonke

Radiation therapy (RT) is a medical treatment to kill cancer cells or shrink tumors. To manually schedule patients for RT is a time-consuming and challenging task. By the use of optimization, patient schedules for RT can be created…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-04 Sara Frimodig , Per Enqvist , Mats Carlsson , Carole Mercier

Verification of patient specific proton stopping powers obtained in the patient treatment position can be used to reduce the distal margins needed in particle beam planning. Proton radiography can be used as a pre-treatment instrument to…

Computer tomography is one of the most promising new methods to image abnormal tissues inside the human body. Tomography is also used to position the patient accurately before radiation therapy. Hadron therapy for treating cancer has become…

Radiotherapy represents an important phase of treatment for a large number of cancer patients. It is essential that resources used to deliver this treatment are employed effectively. This paper presents a new integer linear programming…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2011-03-18 Edmund K. Burke , Pedro Leite-Rocha , Sanja Petrovic

Ion beam therapy has become a frequently applied form of cancer therapy over the last years. The advantage of ion beam therapy over conventional radiotherapy using photons is the strongly localized dose deposition, leading to a reduction of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-07-28 F. Ulrich-Pur , T. Bergauer , A. Burker , S. Hatamikia , A. Hirtl , C. Irmler , S. Kaser , P. Paulitsch , F. Pitters , V. Teufelhart

Proton radiography combined with X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been proposed to obtain a patient-specific calibration curve and reduce range uncertainties in cancer treatment with charged particles. The main aim of this study was to…

This article reviews the evolving field of radiobiology, emphasizing the need for advanced multiscale, mechanistic models to optimize radiopharmaceutical therapies (RPT). While the traditional linear-quadratic (LQ) model underpins external…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Tahir Yusufaly , Hamid Abdollahi , Babak Saboury , Arman Rahmim

Hadrontherapy is a novel technique of cancer radiation therapy which employs beams of charged hadrons, protons and carbon ions in particular. Due to their physical and radiobiological properties, they allow one to obtain a more conformal…

Medical Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 Saverio Braccini

Online adaptive proton therapy (APT) is an ideal solution theoretically, which however is challenging to proton clinics. Although multiple groups have been endeavoring to develop online APT technology, there is a concern in the radiotherapy…

The radiotherapy of malignant diseases has reached much progress during the past decade. Thus, intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and VMAT (Rapidarc) now belong to the standard modalities of tumor treatment with high energy…

Medical Physics · Physics 2016-11-15 W. Ulmer , A. Carabe-Fernandez

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is characterized by delivering a high amount of dose in a short period of time. In SBRT the dose is delivered using open fields (e.g., beam's-eye-view) known as "apertures". Mathematical methods can be…

Medical Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Hamed Yarmand , David Craft

In oncology, treating cancer with a beam of photons is a well established therapeutic technique, developed over 100 years, and today over 50% of cancer patients will undergo traditional X-ray radiotherapy. However, ionizing radiation…

Medical Physics · Physics 2016-02-08 Mersini Makropoulou

Proton computed tomography (pCT) aims to facilitate precise dose planning for hadron therapy, a promising and effective method for cancer treatment. Hadron therapy utilizes protons and heavy ions to deliver well focused doses of radiation,…

The question of whether or not neutron therapy works has been answered. It is a qualified yes, as is the case with all of radiation therapy. But, neutron therapy has not kept pace with the rest of radiation therapy in terms of beam delivery…

Medical Physics · Physics 2014-09-09 Thomas K. Kroc , James S. Welsh

Two full rotating gantry with different nozzles (Multipurpose nozzle with MLC, Scanning Dedicated nozzle) with conventional cyclotron system is installed and under commissioning for various proton treatment options at Samsung Medical Center…

Proton therapy is an emerging method in cancer therapy. One of the main developments is to increase the accuracy of the Bragg-peak position calculation, which requires more precise relative stopping power (RSP) measurements. A promising…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-02-18 Gábor Bíró , Ákos Sudár , Zsófia Jólesz , Gábor Papp , Gergely Gábor Barnaföldi

Around half of all cancer patients, world-wide, will receive some form of radiotherapy (RT) as part of their treatment. And yet, despite the rapid advance of high-throughput screening to identify successful chemotherapy drug candidates,…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-04-07 Wojciech Ozimek , Rafał Banaś , Paweł Gora , Simon D. Angus , Monika J. Piotrowska

Purpose: Radiotherapy commonly relies on CT, but there is growing interest in using hybrid PET/MR. Therefore, dedicated hardware setups have been proposed for PET/MR systems which enable imaging in radiotherapy treatment position. These…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-11-14 R. M. Winter , O. Engelsen , O. J. Bratting , N. Brekke , J. Sæterstøl , O. Sæther , K. R. Redalen

Due to the inter- and intra- variation of respiratory motion, it is highly desired to provide real-time volumetric images during the treatment delivery of lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for accurate and active motion…