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Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved impressive results on single-view vision tasks, but lack the multi-view spatial reasoning capabilities essential for embodied AI systems to understand 3D environments and manipulate objects across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Suchae Jeong , Jaehwi Song , Haeone Lee , Hanna Kim , Jian Kim , Dongjun Lee , Dong Kyu Shin , Changyeon Kim , Dongyoon Hahm , Woogyeol Jin , Juheon Choi , Kimin Lee

Top-view perspective denotes a typical way in which humans read and reason over different types of maps, and it is vital for localization and navigation of humans as well as of `non-human' agents, such as the ones backed by large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Chengzu Li , Caiqi Zhang , Han Zhou , Nigel Collier , Anna Korhonen , Ivan Vulić

A core process in human cognition is analogical mapping: the ability to identify a similar relational structure between different situations. We introduce a novel task, Visual Analogies of Situation Recognition, adapting the classical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Yonatan Bitton , Ron Yosef , Eli Strugo , Dafna Shahaf , Roy Schwartz , Gabriel Stanovsky

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable visual understanding performance on both vision-language and vision-centric tasks. However, they often fall short in integrating advanced, task-specific capabilities for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yufei Zhan , Hongyin Zhao , Yousong Zhu , Shurong Zheng , Fan Yang , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

As machines have become more intelligent, there has been a renewed interest in methods for measuring their intelligence. A common approach is to propose tasks for which a human excels, but one which machines find difficult. However, an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-09-01 C. Lawrence Zitnick , Aishwarya Agrawal , Stanislaw Antol , Margaret Mitchell , Dhruv Batra , Devi Parikh

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) suffer from increased inference costs due to the additional vision tokens introduced by image inputs. In this work, we propose Visual Consistency Learning (ViCO), a novel training algorithm…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Long Cui , Weiyun Wang , Jie Shao , Zichen Wen , Gen Luo , Linfeng Zhang , Yanting Zhang , Yu Qiao , Wenhai Wang

Puzzles have long served as compact and revealing probes of human cognition, isolating abstraction, rule discovery, and systematic reasoning with minimal reliance on prior knowledge. Leveraging these properties, visual puzzles have recently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Maria Lymperaiou , Vasileios Karampinis , Giorgos Filandrianos , Angelos Vlachos , Chrysoula Zerva , Athanasios Voulodimos

Visual transformation reasoning (VTR) is a vital cognitive capability that empowers intelligent agents to understand dynamic scenes, model causal relationships, and predict future states, and thereby guiding actions and laying the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Yuheng Ji , Yipu Wang , Yuyang Liu , Xiaoshuai Hao , Yue Liu , Yuting Zhao , Huaihai Lyu , Xiaolong Zheng

Fully comprehending scientific papers by machines reflects a high level of Artificial General Intelligence, requiring the ability to reason across fragmented and heterogeneous sources of information, presenting a complex and practically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Yang Tian , Zheng Lu , Mingqi Gao , Zheng Liu , Bo Zhao

Visual Question Answering (VQA) in its ideal form lets us study reasoning in the joint space of vision and language and serves as a proxy for the AI task of scene understanding. However, most VQA benchmarks to date are focused on questions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Kenneth Marino , Mohammad Rastegari , Ali Farhadi , Roozbeh Mottaghi

Current multimodal benchmarks often conflate reasoning with domain-specific knowledge, making it difficult to isolate and evaluate general reasoning abilities in non-expert settings. To address this, we introduce VisualPuzzles, a benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Yueqi Song , Tianyue Ou , Yibo Kong , Zecheng Li , Graham Neubig , Xiang Yue

Grounding a pronoun to a visual object it refers to requires complex reasoning from various information sources, especially in conversational scenarios. For example, when people in a conversation talk about something all speakers can see,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Xintong Yu , Hongming Zhang , Yangqiu Song , Yan Song , Changshui Zhang

Core knowledge about physical objects -- e.g., their permanency, spatial transformations, and interactions -- is one of the most fundamental building blocks of biological intelligence across humans and non-human animals. While AI techniques…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-02 James Ainooson , Deepayan Sanyal , Joel P. Michelson , Yuan Yang , Maithilee Kunda

"Thinking in pictures," [1] i.e., spatial-temporal reasoning, effortless and instantaneous for humans, is believed to be a significant ability to perform logical induction and a crucial factor in the intellectual history of technology…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Chi Zhang , Baoxiong Jia , Feng Gao , Yixin Zhu , Hongjing Lu , Song-Chun Zhu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in open-vocabulary perceptual tasks, yet their ability to solve complex cognitive problems remains limited, especially when visual details are abstract and require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Boyi Li , Yifan Shen , Yuanzhe Liu , Yifan Xu , Jiateng Liu , Xinzhuo Li , Zhengyuan Li , Jingyuan Zhu , Yunhan Zhong , Fangzhou Lan , Jianguo Cao , James M. Rehg , Heng Ji , Ismini Lourentzou , Xu Cao

Understanding narratives requires reading between the lines, which in turn, requires interpreting the likely causes and effects of events, even when they are not mentioned explicitly. In this paper, we introduce Cosmos QA, a large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Lifu Huang , Ronan Le Bras , Chandra Bhagavatula , Yejin Choi

Vision-centric retrieval for VQA requires retrieving images to supply missing visual cues and integrating them into the reasoning process. However, selecting the right images and integrating them effectively into the model's reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Zhuohong Chen , Zhengxian Wu , Zirui Liao , Shenao Jiang , Hangrui Xu , Yang Chen , Chaokui Su , Xiaoyu Liu , Haoqian Wang

In the field of multimodal chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning, existing approaches predominantly rely on reasoning on pure language space, which inherently suffers from language bias and is largely confined to math or science domains. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Jiacong Wang , Zijian Kang , Haochen Wang , Haiyong Jiang , Jiawen Li , Bohong Wu , Ya Wang , Jiao Ran , Xiao Liang , Chao Feng , Jun Xiao

Towards human-level visual understanding, visual commonsense generation has been introduced to generate commonsense inferences beyond images. However, current research on visual commonsense generation has overlooked an important human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Jun-Hyung Park , Hyuntae Park , Youjin Kang , Eojin Jeon , SangKeun Lee

Reading comprehension (RC)---in contrast to information retrieval---requires integrating information and reasoning about events, entities, and their relations across a full document. Question answering is conventionally used to assess RC…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-20 Tomáš Kočiský , Jonathan Schwarz , Phil Blunsom , Chris Dyer , Karl Moritz Hermann , Gábor Melis , Edward Grefenstette