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Despite the advances in probabilistic model checking, the scalability of the verification methods remains limited. In particular, the state space often becomes extremely large when instantiating parameterized Markov decision processes…

A pressing challenge in current dialogue systems is to successfully converse with users on topics with information distributed across different modalities. Previous work in multiturn dialogue systems has primarily focused on either text or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Kai Nakamura , Sharon Levy , Yi-Lin Tuan , Wenhu Chen , William Yang Wang

Red teaming is critical for identifying vulnerabilities and building trust in current LLMs. However, current automated methods for Large Language Models (LLMs) rely on brittle prompt templates or single-turn attacks, failing to capture the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Roman Belaire , Arunesh Sinha , Pradeep Varakantham

Existing automatic 3D image segmentation methods usually fail to meet the clinic use. Many studies have explored an interactive strategy to improve the image segmentation performance by iteratively incorporating user hints. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Xuan Liao , Wenhao Li , Qisen Xu , Xiangfeng Wang , Bo Jin , Xiaoyun Zhang , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang

Task-oriented dialogues often require agents to enact complex, multi-step procedures in order to meet user requests. While large language models have found success automating these dialogues in constrained environments, their widespread…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Julia White , Arushi Raghuvanshi , Yada Pruksachatkun

Information seeking is an essential step for open-domain question answering to efficiently gather evidence from a large corpus. Recently, iterative approaches have been proven to be effective for complex questions, by recursively retrieving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Yunchang Zhu , Liang Pang , Yanyan Lan , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Rule-based dialogue management is still the most popular solution for industrial task-oriented dialogue systems for their interpretablility. However, it is hard for developers to maintain the dialogue logic when the scenarios get more and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Jun Quan , Meng Yang , Qiang Gan , Deyi Xiong , Yiming Liu , Yuchen Dong , Fangxin Ouyang , Jun Tian , Ruiling Deng , Yongzhi Li , Yang Yang , Daxin Jiang

In this study, we apply reinforcement learning techniques and propose what we call reinforcement mechanism design to tackle the dynamic pricing problem in sponsored search auctions. In contrast to previous game-theoretical approaches that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-29 Weiran Shen , Binghui Peng , Hanpeng Liu , Michael Zhang , Ruohan Qian , Yan Hong , Zhi Guo , Zongyao Ding , Pengjun Lu , Pingzhong Tang

We investigate the problem of designing optimal stealthy poisoning attacks on the control channel of Markov decision processes (MDPs). This research is motivated by the recent interest of the research community for adversarial and poisoning…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-16 Alessio Russo , Alexandre Proutiere

This paper introduces DebateBrawl, an innovative AI-powered debate platform that integrates Large Language Models (LLMs), Genetic Algorithms (GA), and Adversarial Search (AS) to create an adaptive and engaging debating experience.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Prakash Aryan

Designing the dialogue policy of a spoken dialogue system involves many nontrivial choices. This paper presents a reinforcement learning approach for automatically optimizing a dialogue policy, which addresses the technical challenges in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-06-06 M. Kearns , D. Litman , S. Singh , M. Walker

Embodied agents, such as robots and virtual characters, must continuously select actions to execute tasks effectively, solving complex sequential decision-making problems. Given the difficulty of designing such controllers manually,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Pedro Santana

Intelligent personal assistant systems with either text-based or voice-based conversational interfaces are becoming increasingly popular around the world. Retrieval-based conversation models have the advantages of returning fluent and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Liu Yang , Minghui Qiu , Chen Qu , Jiafeng Guo , Yongfeng Zhang , W. Bruce Croft , Jun Huang , Haiqing Chen

This paper bridges the gap between mathematical heuristic strategies learned from Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) in automated agent negotiation, and comprehensible, natural language explanations. Our aim is to make these strategies more…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Pallavi Bagga , Kostas Stathis

Most existing dialogue systems are user-driven, primarily designed to fulfill user requests. However, in many critical real-world scenarios, a conversational agent must proactively extract information to achieve its own objectives rather…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Xubo Lin , Zezhi Deng , Shihao Wang , Grace Hui Yang , Yang Deng

Despite recent advancements in language models (LMs), their application to dialogue management (DM) problems and ability to carry on rich conversations remain a challenge. We use reinforcement learning (RL) to develop a dialogue agent that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Yinlam Chow , Aza Tulepbergenov , Ofir Nachum , MoonKyung Ryu , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh , Craig Boutilier

Task-oriented proactive dialogue agents play a pivotal role in recruitment, particularly for steering conversations towards specific business outcomes, such as acquiring social-media contacts for private-channel conversion. Although…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Zhiyong Cao , Dunqiang Liu , Qi Dai , Haojun Xu , Huaiyan Xu , Huan He , Yafei Liu , Siyuan Liu , XiaoLin Lin , Ke Ma , Ruqian Shi , Sijia Yao , Hao Wang , Sicheng Zhou

Many dialogue systems (DSs) lack characteristics humans have, such as emotion perception, factuality, and informativeness. Enhancing DSs with knowledge alleviates this problem, but, as many ways of doing so exist, keeping track of all…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Sagi Shaier , Lawrence Hunter , Katharina Kann

We develop a simple framework to learn bio-inspired foraging policies using human data. We conduct an experiment where humans are virtually immersed in an open field foraging environment and are trained to collect the highest amount of…

We propose a reinforcement learning-based approach to optimize conversational strategies for product recommendation across diverse industries. As organizations increasingly adopt intelligent agents to support sales and service operations,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Kang Liu
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