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Symmetry breaking at surfaces and interfaces and the capability to support large strain gradients in nanoscale systems enable new forms of electromechanical coupling. Here we introduce the concept of quantum flexoelectricity, a phenomenon…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 Sergei V. Kalinin , Vincent Meunien

Building on recent developments in electronic-structure methods, we define and calculate the flexoelectric response of two-dimensional (2D) materials fully from first principles. In particular, we show that the open-circuit voltage response…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-12-01 Matteo Springolo , Miquel Royo , Massimiliano Stengel

Interfacial spin to charge conversion arises due to an electric potential perpendicular to the interface. The electric potential can be artificially induced, for example, using ferroelectric and piezoelectric thin films at the interface. An…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-06-23 Ravindra G Bhardwaj , Anand Katailiha , Paul C. Lou , W. P. Beyermann , Sandeep Kumar

The origin of "giant" flexoelectricity, orders of magnitude larger than theoretically predicted, yet frequently observed, is under intense scrutiny. There is mounting evidence correlating giant flexoelectric-like effects with parasitic…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-11-21 Amir Abdollahi , Fabian Vasquez-Sancho , Gustau Catalan

We formulate a general theory of the dielectric response of a lattice with a structural transition and a polarization instability due to a soft-optic mode coupled to low energy electronic excitations by the electromagnetic fields. the…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 T. K. Ng , C. M. Varma

Flexoelectricity, an electromechanical coupling between strain gradient and polarization, offers a promising dimension to enrich silicon-based devices. Although the flexoelectricity of silicon is known, some fundamental aspects remain…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-26 Lingtong Lv , Qianqian Ma , Kailu Wang , Xin Wen , Shengping Shen

In the first part of this two-paper series, a new Fragile Points Method (FPM), in both primal and mixed formulations, is presented for analyzing flexoelectric effects in 2D dielectric materials. In the present paper, a number of numerical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-11-13 Yue Guan , Leiting Dong , Satya N. Atluri

The recent discovery of bone flexoelectricity (electrical polarization induced by strain gradient) suggests that flexoelectricity could have physiological effects in bones, and specifically near bone fractures, where flexoelectricity is…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2020-01-27 Raquel Núñez-Toldrà , Fabian Vasquez-Sancho , Nathalie Barroca , Gustau Catalan

The approach to calculating the effective dielectric and magnetic response in bounded composite materials is developed. The method is essentially based on the renormalisation of the dielectric matrix parameters to account for the surface…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-07 D. P. Makhnovskiy , L. V. Panina , D. J. Mapps , A. K. Sarychev

In this work, we present a compactly supported radial basis function (CSRBF) based meshfree method to analyse geometrically nonlinear flexoelectric nanostructures considering surface effects. Flexoelectricity is the polarization of…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-11-18 Xiaoying Zhuang , S. S. Nanthakumar , Timon Rabczuk

The problem of finding the elastic strains arising due to the converse flexoelectric effect is solved for a case of uniformly polarized ball of isotropic dielectric material. The strains occurs due to the fact that, as shown in a previous…

Materials Science · Physics 2013-04-09 A. S. Yurkov

Electroactive polymers are smart materials that can be used as actuators, sensors, or energy harvesters. We focus on a pseudo trilayer based on PEDOT, a semiconductor polymer: the central part consists of two interpenetrating polymers and…

Classical Physics · Physics 2025-09-11 Mireille Tixier , J Pouget

Using the classic ferroelectric BaTiO$_3$ as an example, we show that the 180 degree ferroelectric domain wall, long considered to be of Ising-type and charge neural, contains both Bloch and Neel type polarization components, and is thus…

A phenomenological model on the relationship between viscoelasticity and flexoelectricity is proposed to address the electromechanical coupling under rheological processes in viscoelastic materials. Our theoretical studies show that some…

Materials Science · Physics 2013-11-21 John Y. Fu

Large bending of materials can occur at the nanoscale in response to an electric polarization, what is called the flexoelectric effect, but to date this has not been observed directly. We report the direct observation of large flexoelectric…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-09-16 Pratik Koirala , Christopher Mizzi , Laurence D. Marks

Flexoelectricity is defined as the coupling between strain gradient and polarization, which is expected to be remarkable at nanoscale. However, measuring the flexoelectricity at nanoscale is challenging. In the present work, an analytical…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-05-03 Hao Zhou , Yongmao Pei , Jiawang Hong , Daining Fang

A rectangular plate of dielectric elastomer exhibiting gradients of material properties through its thickness will deform inhomogeneously when a potential difference is applied to compliant electrodes on its major surfaces, because each…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-12-08 Yipin Su , Ray W. Ogden , Michel Destrade

We present a computational design methodology for topology optimization of multi-material-based flexoelectric composites. The methodology extends our recently proposed design methodology for a single flexoelectric material. We adopt the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-01-31 Hamid Ghasemi , Harold S. Park , Timon Rabczuk

We investigated the effect of uniaxial pressure (0-1000 bars) applied parallely to the ac electric field on dielectric properties of PLZT-x/65/35 (2 \leqslant x \leqslant 13) ceramics. There was revealed a significant effect of the external…

Materials Science · Physics 2013-09-25 K. Pytel , J. Suchanicz , M. Livinsh , A. Sternberg

Ferroelectrets are piezoelectrically-active polymer foams that can convert externally applied loads into electric charge. Existing processing routes used to create pores of the desired geometry and degree of alignment appropriate for…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-02-06 Yan Zhang , Chris R. Bowen , Sylvain Deville