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The widespread integration of embedded systems across various industries has facilitated seamless connectivity among devices and bolstered computational capabilities. Despite their extensive applications, embedded systems encounter…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Sreenitha Kasarapu , Sathwika Bavikadi , Sai Manoj Pudukotai Dinakarrao

Resistive random-access memory (RRAM) is gaining popularity due to its ability to offer computing within the memory and its non-volatile nature. The unique properties of RRAM, such as binary switching, multi-state switching, and device…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Simranjeet Singh , Farhad Merchant , Sachin Patkar

As memory technologies continue to shrink and memory error rates increase, the demand for stronger reliability becomes increasingly critical. Fine-grain memory replication has emerged as an appealing approach to improving memory fault…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Haris Volos , Yiannakis Sazeides

Nowadays, user authentication is one of the important topics in information security. Text based strong password schemes could provide with certain degree of security. However, the fact that strong passwords being difficult to memorize…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-01-13 Arash Habibi Lashkari , Dr. Rosli Saleh , Samaneh Farmand , Dr. Omar Bin Zakaria

Privacy and security have rapidly emerged as first order design constraints. Users now demand more protection over who can see their data (confidentiality) as well as how it is used (control). Here, existing cryptographic techniques for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Jianqiao Mo , Karthik Garimella , Negar Neda , Austin Ebel , Brandon Reagen

We introduce the Context Compliance Attack (CCA), a novel, optimization-free method for bypassing AI safety mechanisms. Unlike current approaches -- which rely on complex prompt engineering and computationally intensive optimization -- CCA…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Mark Russinovich , Ahmed Salem

LLM developers have imposed technical interventions to prevent fine-tuning misuse attacks, attacks where adversaries evade safeguards by fine-tuning the model using a public API. Previous work has established several successful attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Xander Davies , Eric Winsor , Alexandra Souly , Tomek Korbak , Robert Kirk , Christian Schroeder de Witt , Yarin Gal

Upcoming certification actions related to the security of machine learning (ML) based systems raise major evaluation challenges that are amplified by the large-scale deployment of models in many hardware platforms. Until recently, most of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Mathieu Dumont , Kevin Hector , Pierre-Alain Moellic , Jean-Max Dutertre , Simon Pontié

Arm Confidential Computing Architecture (CCA) currently isolates at the granularity of an entire Confidential Virtual Machine (CVM), leaving intra-VM bugs such as Heartbleed unmitigated. The state-of-the-art narrows this to the process…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Shiqi Liu , Yongpeng Gao , Mingyang Zhang , Jie Wang

Adversarial attacks on Face Recognition (FR) systems have demonstrated significant effectiveness against standalone FR models. However, their practicality diminishes in complete FR systems that incorporate Face Anti-Spoofing (FAS) models,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Fengfan Zhou , Qianyu Zhou , Hefei Ling , Xuequan Lu

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have garnered widespread attention for their exceptional capabilities. Prompts are central to the functionality and performance of LLMs, making them highly valuable assets. The increasing reliance on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yong Yang , Changjiang Li , Qingming Li , Oubo Ma , Haoyu Wang , Zonghui Wang , Yandong Gao , Wenzhi Chen , Shouling Ji

To satisfy automotive safety and security requirements, memory protection mechanisms are an essential component of automotive microcontrollers. In today's available systems, either a fully physical address-based protection is implemented…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Konrad Walluszik , Daniel Auge , Gerhard Wirrer , Holm Rauchfuss , Thomas Roecker

In the existing software development ecosystem, security issues introduced by third-party code cannot be overlooked. Among these security concerns, memory access vulnerabilities stand out prominently, leading to risks such as the theft or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yue Jin , Yibin Xu , Chengyuan Yang , Han Wang , Tianyi Huang , Tianyue Lu , Mingyu Chen

ARM Memory Tagging Extension (MTE) is a new hardware feature introduced in ARMv8.5-A architecture, aiming to detect memory corruption vulnerabilities. The low overhead of MTE makes it an attractive solution to mitigate memory corruption…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Juhee Kim , Jinbum Park , Sihyeon Roh , Jaeyoung Chung , Youngjoo Lee , Taesoo Kim , Byoungyoung Lee

Processing In Memory (PIM) accelerators are promising architecture that can provide massive parallelization and high efficiency in various applications. Such architectures can instantaneously provide ultra-fast operation over extensive…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Kazi Abu Zubair , Sumit Kumar Jha , David Mohaisen , Clayton Hughes , Amro Awad

Memory Protection Keys for Userspace (PKU) is a recent hardware feature that allows programs to assign virtual memory pages to protection domains, and to change domain access permissions using inexpensive, unprivileged instructions. Several…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Alexios Voulimeneas , Jonas Vinck , Ruben Mechelinck , Stijn Volckaert

With the expansion of the Internet of Things industry, the information security of Internet of Things devices attracts much attention. Traditional encryption algorithms require sensitive information such as keys to be stored in memory, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Yao Wang , Zhengtai Chang

Voice-based human-machine interfaces with an automatic speaker verification (ASV) component are commonly used in the market. However, the threat from presentation attacks is also growing since attackers can use recent speech synthesis…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-11 Xin Wang , Junichi Yamagishi

Embedded systems play a crucial role in fueling the growth of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) in application domains such as healthcare, home automation, transportation, etc. However, their increasingly network-connected nature, coupled with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Soubhagya Sutar , Arnab Raha , Vijay Raghunathan

Embedded sensing systems are pervasively used in life- and security-critical systems such as those found in airplanes, automobiles, and healthcare. Traditional security mechanisms for these sensors focus on data encryption and other…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-05-16 Yasser Shoukry , Paul Martin , Yair Yona , Suhas Diggavi , Mani Srivastava