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(abridged) Vortices are believed to play a role in the formation of km-sized planetesimals. However, vortex dynamics is commonly studied in non-self-gravitating discs. The main goal here is to examine the effects of disc self-gravity on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. R. Mamatsashvili , W. K. M. Rice

In hot and ultra-hot Jupiters, stellar irradiation is a primary driver of atmospheric circulation and the wave structures that sustain it. We aim to investigate how variations in radiative and dynamical timescales influence global flow…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-02 C. Akın , K. Heng , J. M. Mendonça , R. Deitrick , L. Gkouvelis

The Cassini and Juno probes have revealed large coherent cyclonic vortices in the polar regions of Saturn and Jupiter, a dramatic contrast from the east-west banded jet structure seen at lower latitudes. Debate has centered on whether the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-07 Ferran Garcia , Frank R. N. Chambers , Anna L. Watts

We investigate the dynamics of large dust grains in massive lopsided transition discs via 2D hydrodynamical simulations including both gas and dust. Our simulations adopt a ring-like gas density profile that becomes unstable against the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-04 Clément Baruteau , Zhaohuan Zhu

Jupiter's zonal jets and Great Red Spot are well known from still images. Yet the planet's atmosphere is highly unsteady, which suggests that the actual material transport barriers delineating its main features should be time-dependent.…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2016-02-16 Alireza Hadjighasem , George Haller

The motion of solid particles embedded in gaseous protoplanetary disks is influenced by turbulent fluctuations. Consequently, the dynamics of moderately to weakly coupled solids can be distinctly different from the dynamics of the gas.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-17 Fabian Binkert , Judit Szulágyi , Til Birnstiel

Turbulence is ubiquitous in Solar System planetary atmospheres. In hot Jupiter atmospheres, the combination of moderately slow rotation and thick pressure scale height may result in dynamical weather structures with unusually large,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Emily Rauscher , Kristen Menou , James Y-K. Cho , Sara Seager , Brad Hansen

The core accretion scenario of planet formation assumes that planetesimals and planetary embryos are formed during the primordial, gaseous phases of the protoplanetary disk. However, how the dust particles overcome the traditional growth…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-20 Zsolt Regaly , Kundan Kadam , Cornelis P. Dullemond

Jupiter's atmosphere features a variety of clouds that are formed from the interplay of chemistry and atmospheric dynamics, from the deep red color of the Great Red Spot to the high altitude white ammonia clouds present in the zones (bright…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-08 Ramanakumar Sankar , Csaba Palotai

Jupiter's Great Red Spot (GRS) was mapped by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/Mid-Infrared Instrument (4.9-27.9 micron) in July and August 2022. These observations took place alongside a suite of visual and infrared observations from;…

The surface of both Jupiter and Saturn has magnificent vortical storms which help shape the dynamic nature of their atmospheres. Land- and space-based observational campaigns over time have established several properties of these vortices,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-17 Rakesh Kumar Yadav , Moritz Heimpel , Jeremy Bloxham

The zonal flow in Jupiter's upper troposphere is organized into alternating retrograde and prograde jets, with a prograde (superrotating) jet at the equator. Existing models posit as the driver of the flow either differential radiative…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Tapio Schneider , Junjun Liu

Knowing the composition of Jupiter's atmosphere is crucial for constraining Jupiter's bulk metallicity and formation history. Yet, constraining Jupiter's atmospheric water abundance is challenging due to its potential non-uniform…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-01 Huazhi Ge , Cheng Li , Xi Zhang , Andrew P. Ingersoll , Sihe Chen

The Jovian atmosphere contains a wide diversity of vortices, which have a large range of sizes, colors and forms in different dynamical regimes. The formation processes for these vortices is poorly understood, and aside from a few known,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-24 Ramanakumar Sankar , Shawn Brueshaber , Lucy Fortson , Candice Hansen-Koharcheck , Chris Lintott , Cooper Nesmith , Glenn Orton

Motivated by lopsided structures observed in some massive transition discs, we have carried out 2D numerical simulations to study vortex structure in massive discs, including the effects of disc self-gravity and the indirect force which is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-04 Zhaohuan Zhu , Clément Baruteau

We investigate the evolution of dust and gas in the vicinity of local pressure enhancements (pressure bumps) in a protoplanetary disc (PPD) with turbulence due to the Vertical Shear Instability (VSI). We perform global 2D axisymmetric and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-14 Marius Lehmann , Min-Kai Lin

Upcoming studies of extrasolar gas giants will give precise insights into the composition of planetary atmospheres with the ultimate goal to link it to the formation history of the planet. Here, we investigate how drifting and evaporating…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-13 Aaron David Schneider , Bertram Bitsch

We study dust capture by vortices and its long-term consequences in global two-fluid inviscid disk simulations using a new polar grid code RoSSBi. We perform the longest integrations so far, several hundred disk orbits, at the highest…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-09 Clément Surville , Lucio Mayer , Douglas N. C. Lin

The weather layers of the gas giant planets, Jupiter and Saturn, comprise the shallow atmospheric layers that are influenced energetically by a combination of incoming solar radiation and localised latent heating of condensates, as well as…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-07 Peter L Read , Roland M B Young , Daniel Kennedy

Vortices are believed to greatly help the formation of km sized planetesimals by collecting dust particles in their centers. However, vortex dynamics is commonly studied in non-self-gravitating disks. The main goal here is to examine the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. R. Mamatsashvili , W. K. M. Rice